Flavonoids in Sophora Species

Utsumi

Takao

et al. 2019

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The root of Sophora flavescens is used as a Chinese crude drug for treating various disorders. S. flavescens is grown in Japan, China and Korea. We previously used Principle Component Analysis (PCA) to demonstrate that 1 H NMR spectra of root extracts of S. flavescens can be used to identify the country of origin of the sample (Japan or China). In the present study we identified a compound characteristic of Chinese S. flavescens using NMR metabolomics. Loading plot analysis of the PCA results and an NMR metabolomics study identified NMR signals from a compound identified as nor-kurarinone and characteristic of Chinese S. flavescens grown in Hangzhou. This compound was confirmed by HPLC analysis to be a distinctive marker for Chinese S. flavescens.

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confidence: 97%

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confidence: 99%

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Nor-kurarinone Characteristic of Chinese Sophora flavescens

Utsumi

Takao

et al. 2019

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“…The oriental natural drug called "kujin" in Japanese (SOPHORAE RADIX) comprises the dry roots of Sophora flavescens Aiton (Leguminosae) grown in Japan, China and Korea. Kujin is used as a Chinese traditional medicine to treat gastric disorders, and for its antifebrile, anodyne, and anthelmintic activities [1]. Alkaloids, pterocarpans, and flavonoids have been isolated from kujin [2].…”

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confidence: 99%

Electron Ionization Mass Spectrometry-based Metabolomics Studies of Sophora Flavescens can Identify the Geographical Origin of Root Samples

Hao

Uesawa

et al. 2016

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An electron ionization mass spectrometry (EI-MS)-based metabolomic approach was applied to Sophora flavescens to identify the geographical origin of each sample. The score plot from principal component analysis using the EI-MS data showed that Japanese S. flavescens samples tended to cluster away from Chinese S. flavescens samples. Statistical techniques showed that ions arising from kurarinol and kushenol H, which we previously identified as marker molecules for Japanese S. flavescens, were characteristic of Japanese S. flavescens. Therefore, metabolomics based on EI-MS data is a valuable tool for confirming the geographical origins of S. flavescens samples. The results suggest that EI-MS-based metabolomics is suitable for the quality control of traditional medicines containing many components.

“…Twenty batches of S. flavescens roots harvested from plants growing in different areas were used in this research ( Table 1). 1 H NMR spectral data were processed using the program 'Alice2 for Metabolome' version 5.0 (JEOL). This program can integrate NMR spectroscopy and multivariate pattern-recognition methods such as PCA into a single interface.…”

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confidence: 99%

Identification of a Xanthine Oxidase-inhibitory Component from Sophora Flavescens using NMR-based Metabolomics

Hasuike

Hirabayashi

et al. 2013

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We demonstrate that NMR-based metabolomics studies can be used to identify xanthine oxidase-inhibitory compounds in the diethyl ether soluble fraction prepared from a methanolic extract of Sophora flavescens. Loading plot analysis, accompanied by direct comparison of 1 H NMR spectra exhibiting characteristic signals, identified compounds exhibiting inhibitory activity. NMR analysis indicated that these characteristic signals were attributed to flavanones such as sophoraflavanone G and kurarinone. Sophoraflavanone G showed inhibitory activity towards xanthine oxidase in an in vitro assay.