Flavonoids of Phlomis aurea and P. floccosa

Phytochemistry and biological activities of Phlomis species

“…However, the (E)-and the (Z)-forms of chrysoeriol 7-O-(3 -p-coumaroyl) glucoside, as reported in Phlomis fruticosa, also occur in Phlomis lychnitys L. (Tomas et al, 1986) and Ballota acetabulosa (Sahpaz et al, 2002), and the (E)-form is known from Stachys chrysantha, Stachys candida (Skaltsa et al, 2000), Marrubium cylleneum (Michelis et al, 2002), Phlomis integrifolia (Saracoglu et al, 2003) and Phlomis crinita (Kabouche et al, 2005). Chrysoeriol 7-O-(3 ,6 -di-(E)-p-coumaroyl)glucoside was reported from Marrubium velutinum (Karioti et al, 2003) and chrysoeriol 7-O-pcoumaroylglucosides, in which the linkage of the acid to the sugar was not determined, were detected in the leaves or trichomes of Phlomis aurea, Phlomis floccosa (El-Negoumy et al, 1986), Ballota acetabulosa (Mericli et al, 1988), Phlomis purpurea and Ballota hirsute (Gil Munoz, 1993). Therefore, p-coumaroyl esters of chrysoeriol 7-O-glucoside are characteristic of the Lamioideae genus Phlomis, Ballota and Marrubium, and to some extent Stachys, although the corresponding apigenin (9) glycoside is more common (Marin et al, 2004).…”

Iridoid and megastigmane glycosides from Phlomis aurea

“…cytotoxic, cytostatic, anti-in¯ammatory, immunosuppressant and antimicrobial eects (Saracoglu et al, 1995). Reviewing current literature, only¯avonoids had been described from P. aurea (El-Negoumy et al, 1986). The present study deals with the isolation and structure elucidation of four new compounds including two iridoids, a megastigmane glucoside and a benzyl alcohol glycoside together with 11 known glycosides from the leaves of P. aurea.…”

“…In Egyptian folk medicine, the plant is used as antidiabetic (Watt and Breyer, 1962). Dierent classes of glycosides comprising diterpenoids (Tanaka et al, 1983(Tanaka et al, , 1985Katagiri et al, 1994), iridoids (El-Naggar and Beal, 1980;C Ë alis et al, 1991), phenylpropanoids (C Ë alis et al, 1991;Saracoglu et al, 1995), phenylethanoids (Saracoglu et al, 1998) and avonoids (El-Negoumy et al, 1986;Tomas et al, 1986) had been identi®ed from genus Phlomis. Many of the phenylpropanoids isolated from genus Phlomis showed signi®cant biological activities, e.g.…”

The responses of trichome mutants to enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation in Arabidopsis thaliana

“…Previous studies demonstrated the existence of flavonoid compounds and other UV-screening pigments within the leaf hair [13,14]. A considerable decrease of photosystem II photochemical efficiency in dehaired olive leaves and Quercus ilex was reported [15,16].…”