Political narratives play a central role in modern governance. They explain a government's driving principles, and underpin their ability to implement policy change. Rhetoric is the tool that Prime Ministers use to articulate and frame political narratives to support their policy prescriptions. This article examines four case studies of how Prime Ministers in Westminster systems have used political rhetoric to create narratives capable of making a persuasive case for policy change. Common themes are explored to provide the basis for a heuristic that encapsulates contemporary prime ministerial practice in articulating political narratives for policy change.Democratically elected leaders seeking to propose policy change are faced with a difficult question: how can we explain why we are doing this in a way that people actually understand? It is a question asked and answered -often in great haste -in the offices of Prime Ministers across the Westminster world. The question is in fact more significant than it sounds. Underlying the question is not only a political communication problem but more importantly also a governance problem. The inability to articulate a coherent political narrative for action can lead to governments being unable to implement policy decisions. What on the surface may appear to be an argument about 'spin' is in reality an argument about the limitations in modern governance of democratically elected governments being able to implement their policies. Under the conditions of network governance, governments rely on the goodwill and support of an array of external actors to govern effectively (see Rhodes, 1997Rhodes, , 2007. If a political narrative fails to persuade key actors of the necessity for change, governments can quickly lose control of a debate and of the momentum needed to carry through a policy change. The study of political narratives therefore becomes an essential component of understanding modern governance.Political narratives operate at two distinct levels, although the relationship between them is by no means clearly established. At the first level, every political leader and government consciously or unconsciously promulgates a meta-narrative -an allencompassing story about what their government stands for. Its breadth covers the litany of individual policies that make up the everyday work of government. At the second level, each major policy announcement has linked with it a narrative of its own -commensurate with the meta-narrative -but more specific in its rationale for a particular policy. It is a story that explains why a new law or policy is necessary.There is a strong and developing popular literature about political narratives. According to the Global Language Monitor website, the word itself -'narrative' -was the third top word in global discourse in 2010, primarily because of its growing use in the political sphere. 1 A commensurate academic literature to systematically characterise the components of political narratives and explain their significance to modern governan...