“…The stress responsiveness of turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo; Brown and Nestor, 1973), chickens (Gallus domesticus; Gross and Siegel, 1985) and the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica; Satterlee and Johnson, 1988) have been modified by selective breeding strategies, with varying degrees of success. A similar approach has been considered with respect to aquacultured fish in which frequent or prolonged exposure to stressors significantly and adversely affects growth (Pickering, 1993;Pankhurst and Van Der Kraak, 1997), reproductive performance (Pickering et al, 1987a;Campbell et al, 1992Campbell et al, , 1994, the immune system (Balm, 1997) and flesh quality (Lowe et al, 1993;Sigholt et al, 1997). It is argued that in an environment in which stressful stimuli are frequent or prolonged, fish which possess a low level of responsiveness to stress will be less severely affected than fish displaying a more pronounced reactivity to stress (Pottinger and Pickering, 1997).…”