Flexible and anti-freezing zinc-ion batteries using a guar-gum/sodium-alginate/ethylene-glycol hydrogel electrolyte

Wang, Jiawei; Huang, Yuan; Liu, Binbin; Li, Zixuan; Zhang, Jiyan; Yang, Guoshen; Hiralal, Pritesh; Jin, Shunyu; Zhou, Hang

doi:10.1016/j.ensm.2021.06.034

Cited by 193 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The soaking time and EG volume ratio in the solution were varied to obtain a good balance between the antifreezing property and the ionic conductivity. The GG/SA/EG/metal salt electrolyte yielded a high ionic conductivity of 6.19 mS cm −1 at −20°C ( 81 ). Nonsacrificial HBs between organic molecules and polymer chains are vulnerable to debonding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From room temperature to harsh temperature applications: Fundamentals and perspectives on electrolytes in zinc metal batteries

et al. 2022

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As one of the most competitive candidates for the next-generation energy storage systems, the emerging rechargeable zinc metal battery (ZMB) is inevitably influenced by beyond-room-temperature conditions, resulting in inferior performances. Although much attention has been paid to evaluating the performance of ZMBs under extreme temperatures in recent years, most academic electrolyte research has not provided adequate information about physical properties or practical testing protocols of their electrolytes, making it difficult to assess their true performance. The growing interest in ZMBs is calling for in-depth research on electrolyte behavior under harsh practical conditions, which has not been systematically reviewed yet. Hence, in this review, we first showcase the fundamentals behind the failure of ZMBs in terms of temperature influence and then present a comprehensive understanding of the current electrolyte strategies to improve battery performance at harsh temperatures. Last, we offer perspectives on the advance of ZMB electrolytes toward industrial application.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From room temperature to harsh temperature applications: Fundamentals and perspectives on electrolytes in zinc metal batteries

et al. 2022

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“…The organic additives can form new HB with water molecules for achieving ultralow freezing point, and regulate the Zn 2+ solvation structure by coordinating with Zn 2+ for dendrite and side reaction suppression. [ 20,21,23 ] However, the radii of the Zn 2+ solvation structure are increased during the coordination, which significantly decrease the ionic conductivity of the batteries especially at subzero temperatures. [ 31 ] For high‐concentration salts, they own much higher ionic conductivity than organic molecules, [ 26–29,32 ] but are expensive and undergo poor electrolyte wettability and severe salt precipitation at low temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, hydrogel freezing is mainly on account of the strong HB formation between water molecules on polymer chains. [ 18,19 ] To date, two main strategies including the organic additives [ 20–25 ] and high concentration salts [ 26–30 ] are demonstrated on breaking the HB of water to achieve batteries with low temperature performance. The organic additives can form new HB with water molecules for achieving ultralow freezing point, and regulate the Zn 2+ solvation structure by coordinating with Zn 2+ for dendrite and side reaction suppression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifreezing Hydrogel Electrolyte with Ternary Hydrogen Bonding for High‐Performance Zinc‐Ion Batteries

et al. 2022

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notorious Zn dendrites and hazardous side reactions ascribing to the interactions between Zn 2+ and the functional groups in hydrogel. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Nevertheless, battery electrolytes with conventional hydrogels will be ineluctably freezing at subzero temperatures due to the relatively high freezing point of water. This can dramatically deteriorate the polymer gel mechanical property and ionic conductivities, [15,16] resulting in inferior cycling stability or even occurring short circuit. [17] In addition, the mechanical property of the hydrogel electrolyte should also be elaborately designed, to simultaneously satisfy the flexibility of wearable batteries and withstand the acting force during daily operation.Generally, hydrogel freezing is mainly on account of the strong HB formation between water molecules on polymer chains. [18,19] To date, two main strategies including the organic additives [20][21][22][23][24][25] and high concentration salts [26][27][28][29][30] are demonstrated on breaking the HB of water to achieve batteries with low temperature performance. The organic additives can form new HB with water molecules for achieving ultralow freezing point, and regulate the Zn 2+ solvation structure by coordinating with Zn 2+ for dendrite and side reaction suppression. [20,21,23] However, the radii of the Zn 2+ solvation structure are increased during the coordination, which significantly decrease the ionic conductivity of the batteries especially at subzero temperatures. [31] For high-concentration salts, they own much higher ionic conductivity than organic molecules, [26][27][28][29]32] but are expensive and undergo poor electrolyte wettability and severe salt precipitation at low temperature. [33][34][35] Critically, the mechanical durability of the hydrogel will be deteriorated by the high concentration salts when cooperated in batteries. Apart from the abovementioned strategies, grafting alcohol molecules to the polymer chains can also dedicate to the hydrogel antifreezing, whereas the fabrication process is tedious and complicated comparatively. [36,37] Therefore, exploring a new salt with low concentration to confer the hydrogel electrolyte with adjustable mechanical property and high ionic conductivities at subzero temperatures is of great importance.The Hofmeister effect is one of the ubiquitous phenomenon in nature, including two distinct solvation behaviors for hydrogels regarded as the "salting out" effect of the kosmotropes and "salting in" effect of the chaotropes. [38][39][40][41][42] Current literatures have employed inorganic salts to tailor the mechanical property The new-generation flexible aqueous zinc-ion batteries require enhanced mechanical properties and ionic conductivities at low temperature for practical applications. This fundamentally means that it is desired that the hydrogel electrolyte possesses antifreezing merits to resist flexibility loss and performance decrease at subzero temperatures. Herein, a highly flexible polysaccharide hydrogel is realized in situ and ...

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“…10g). 271 In addition, the ionic conductivity of CG/SA/EG was 25.37 S cm −1 at room temperature and 6.19 S cm −1 below −20 °C (Fig. 10h).…”

Section: A Summary Of Solvation Structure Regulation Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…To sum up, various recently reported quasi-solid electrolytes are listed in Table 4. 89,91,258,259,262,266,270,271,277–285 Strikingly, H 2 O regulation in quasi-solid electrolytes is still a feasible and efficient strategy for suppressing zinc dendrites and side reactions, because this limited the number and movement of active H 2 O molecules. In addition, the stretchability and mechanical strength are the most competitive advantages of quasi-solid electrolytes.…”

Section: A Summary Of Solvation Structure Regulation Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies of regulating Zn²⁺solvation structures for dendrite-free and side reaction-suppressed zinc-ion batteries

Cao

Zhang

et al. 2022

Energy Environ. Sci.

496

282

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Flexible and anti-freezing zinc-ion batteries using a guar-gum/sodium-alginate/ethylene-glycol hydrogel electrolyte

Cited by 193 publications

References 28 publications

From room temperature to harsh temperature applications: Fundamentals and perspectives on electrolytes in zinc metal batteries

From room temperature to harsh temperature applications: Fundamentals and perspectives on electrolytes in zinc metal batteries

Antifreezing Hydrogel Electrolyte with Ternary Hydrogen Bonding for High‐Performance Zinc‐Ion Batteries

Strategies of regulating Zn²⁺solvation structures for dendrite-free and side reaction-suppressed zinc-ion batteries

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Flexible and anti-freezing zinc-ion batteries using a guar-gum/sodium-alginate/ethylene-glycol hydrogel electrolyte

Cited by 193 publications

References 28 publications

From room temperature to harsh temperature applications: Fundamentals and perspectives on electrolytes in zinc metal batteries

From room temperature to harsh temperature applications: Fundamentals and perspectives on electrolytes in zinc metal batteries

Antifreezing Hydrogel Electrolyte with Ternary Hydrogen Bonding for High‐Performance Zinc‐Ion Batteries

Strategies of regulating Zn2+solvation structures for dendrite-free and side reaction-suppressed zinc-ion batteries

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Strategies of regulating Zn²⁺solvation structures for dendrite-free and side reaction-suppressed zinc-ion batteries