Flexible and Stretchable Microbatteries for Wearable Technologies

Abstract

collector. The charge carriers are interacting with electrodes through three main mechanisms, intercalation/deintercalation, alloy/dealloy, and conversion reactions. [23,24] During the discharge process, the lowest potential electrode (anode) is spontaneously oxidized releasing positive charge carriers that migrate across the electrolyte and electrons that flow in the outer part of the circuit. Then, the ions reaching the surface of the highest potential electrode (cathode) can react according to a reduction process. When the electrode potentials become equal, the redox reactions stop and the battery is discharged. An external power source is therefore required to force the reverse reactions and charge the battery. Energy and power densities of the storage systems are governed by the thermodynamics and kinetics of the electrochemical reactions.

Advances in wearable textile-based micro energy storage devices: structuring, application and perspective

“…The rich porous textile-based substrate is attracting much attention due to its unique mechanical flexibility, high surface area and lightweight. 43 The developed configuration of MESDs generally includes thin-film MESDs, 44 interdigital MESDs 27 and fiber-shaped MESDs. 10 Here, the distinctive advantages of the three configuration modes on TMESDs will be reviewed and summarized.…”

Highly-integrated, miniaturized, stretchable electronic systems based on stacked multilayer network materials

“…Stretchable electronics represent an area of focusing interest in the past decade, in part owing to the broad spectrum of applications, spreading from health monitoring (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8) and disease treatment (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16), to internet of things (17)(18)(19)(20) and soft robots (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28), and to virtual reality and augmented reality (29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34). Stretchable inorganic electronics mainly rely on integration of high-performance inorganic components with elastomer substrates, where ingenious structural designs are key to a high degree of stretchability of the device system, since inorganic electronic components are usually rigid and brittle (35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42).…”

Enhancing Electrochemical Performance of Stretchable/Flexible Li‐Ion Microbatteries by Tuning Microstructured Electrode Dimensions

“…Nowadays, the fast development of wearable technologies such as soft electronics, smart textile, and biomedical devices has raised the need of microbatteries with high electrochemical performance and superior mechanical properties opening the path towards the conception of flexible/stretchable micropower sources. [1][2][3] Compared to regular batteries widely developed for stationary and vehicle applications, [4] microbatteries are aimed at providing energy for low-consumption electronic devices like sensors integrated in patches, bracelets or garments for We have demonstrated that the microbattery can retain 73% of the initial capacity under 30% strain. This behavior is very close to the accordion-like battery that was stretched up to 29% while maintaining 77% of the volumetric energy density.…”