Flexible B, N co-doped graphene electrodes for electrochemical detection of serotonin in bodily fluids

Liu, Yiyang; Li, Mingji; Zhou, Baozeng; Xuan, Xiuwei; Li, Hongji

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2023.142494

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 52 publications

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“…While a quasilinear correlation with the presence of boron and the [B]/[C] ratio was observed ( Figure 4 j), the B–O bond intensity increased with plasma treatment. The N 1s core level was deconvoluted into four widely accepted distinct peaks corresponding to N–B (∼398.4 eV), Pyd N (∼399.6 eV), Pyr N (∼400.2 eV), and graphitic N (∼401.5 eV) bonds 46 ( Figure 4 m), although the core-level binding energies of graphitic and Pyr (N 1s) can be difficult to distinguish. 47 On the other hand, the N–B assignment is unambiguous and is noticeable for [B]/[C] > 1k ppm ( Figure 4 n).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring Defects in B, N-Codoped Carbon Nanowalls for Direct Electrochemical Oxidation of Glyphosate and its Metabolites

Pierpaoli,

Jakóbczyk,

Ficek

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Tailoring the defects in graphene and its related carbon allotropes has great potential to exploit their enhanced electrochemical properties for energy applications, environmental remediation, and sensing. Vertical graphene, also known as carbon nanowalls (CNWs), exhibits a large surface area, enhanced charge transfer capability, and high defect density, making it suitable for a wide range of emerging applications. However, precise control and tuning of the defect size, position, and density remain challenging; moreover, due to their characteristic labyrinthine morphology, conventional characterization techniques and widely accepted quality indicators fail or need to be reformulated. This study primarily focuses on examining the impact of boron heterodoping and argon plasma treatment on CNW structures, uncovering complex interplays between specific defect-induced three-dimensional nanostructures and electrochemical performance. Moreover, the study introduces the use of defect-rich CNWs as a label-free electrode for directly oxidizing glyphosate (GLY), a common herbicide, and its metabolites (sarcosine and aminomethylphosphonic acid) for the first time. Crucially, we discovered that the presence of specific boron bonds (BC and BN), coupled with the absence of Lewis-base functional groups such as pyridinic-N, is essential for the oxidation of these analytes. Notably, the D+D* second-order combinational Raman modes at ≈2570 cm −1 emerged as a reliable indicator of the analytes' affinity. Contrary to expectations, the electrochemically active surface area and the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups played a secondary role. Argon-plasma post-treatment was found to adversely affect both the morphology and surface chemistry of CNWs, leading to an increase in sp 3hybridized carbon, the introduction of oxygen, and alterations in the types of nitrogen functional groups. Simulations support that certain defects are functional for GLY rather than AMPA. Sarcosine oxidation is the least affected by defect type.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%