Flexible Combined Heat and Power Systems for Offshore Oil and Gas Facilities With CO2 Bottoming Cycles

Mazzetti, Marit J.; Ladam, Yves; Walnum, Harald Taxt; Hagen, Brede L.; Skaugen, Geir; Nekså, Petter

doi:10.1115/power2014-32169

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Since the Norwegian electric power system is mostly based on hydropower generators, decarbonization solutions are required in other areas of the Norwegian economy. Previous research has indicated that installation of off-shore bottoming cycles can reduce up to 25% of CO 2 emissions from an off-shore platform (Nord and Bolland 2012;Mazzetti et al, 2014a). This solution could contribute to Norway's goal of 40% reduction in CO 2 emissions from 1990 to 2030 and also toward the goal of net zero emissions by 2050.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compact Steam Bottoming Cycles: Minimum Weight Design Optimization and Transient Response of Once-Through Steam Generators

et al. 2021

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Compactness and weight minimization are key aspects for successful and widespread implementation of waste heat recovery steam cycles in off-shore oil and gas platforms due to the site weight and volume footprint constraints. The power plant off-shore must be designed for flexibility in its operations to provide varying power demands across multiple time scales. Reliability of the heat and power production units is crucial. Within a case study in an off-shore platform in the Norwegian Continental Shelf, this article conducts design optimization of compact and low-weight steam cycles for power production from gas turbine exhaust and transient analysis of the core of heat recovery steam generators (HRSGs) via dynamic modeling and simulation, considering once-through steam generators (OTSGs) for the HRSGs. A method for simultaneous thermodynamic and heat exchanger geometry optimization design for bottoming cycles is applied, with the main objective being weight minimization and compactness of the cycle heat exchangers. Ten different optimal minimum weight bottoming cycle designs are provided by selecting ten different manufacturable tubes. The resulting bottoming cycle designs are compared in terms of weight, OTSG core weight distribution, heat transfer area, and footprint. The resulting bottoming cycle weight varies from 48.4 to ca. 87.10 ton for designs sensible for off-shore applications, and from 95.8 to 178.9 ton when selecting outer tube diameters typical of onshore applications. Smaller outer tube diameter selection in OTSG bundles is a key driver for low-weight and compact steam cycle designs. Three different designs representing light, normal, and heavy OTSG designs are compared by dynamic trajectory and response time analysis under transient scenarios by means of dynamic modeling and simulation. More compact and lighter designs respond faster to changes in the gas turbine (GT) operation upstream the OTSG. The results in this analysis indicate the need for feedforward control. Feedback control alone is probably not a good option due to the high OTSG open loop stabilization time and large sensitivity to GT exhaust gas variations. More compact and low-weight designs based on the OTSG can reduce potential challenges in controlling and stabilizing bottoming cycles for power production.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compact Steam Bottoming Cycles: Minimum Weight Design Optimization and Transient Response of Once-Through Steam Generators

et al. 2021

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“…With lower power demand from the gas turbine, less heat is available to the bottoming cycle. It can, for example, be 70% of on-design exhaust heat at 50% load for a gas turbine [11], or 50% of on-design exhaust heat at 20% load for other gas turbine types [12]. The value depends on the gas turbine type and how it is controlled, but it typically falls near mentioned values.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Organic Rankine Cycle Part-Load Performance as Gas Turbine Bottoming Cycle with Variable Area Nozzle Turbine Technology

Motamed

Nord

2021

Energies

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Power cycles on offshore oil and gas installations are expected to operate more at varied load conditions, especially when rapid growth in renewable energies puts them in a load-following operation. Part-load efficiency enhancement is advantageous since heat to power cycles suffer poor efficiency at part loads. The overall purpose of this article is to improve part-load efficiency in offshore combined cycles. Here, the organic Rankine bottoming cycle with a control strategy based on variable geometry turbine technology is studied to boost part-load efficiency. The Variable Area Nozzle turbine is selected to control cycle mass flow rate and pressure ratio independently. The design and performance of the proposed working strategy are assessed by an in-house developed tool. With the suggested solution, the part-load organic Rankine cycle efficiency is kept close to design value outperforming the other control strategies with sliding pressure, partial admission turbine, and throttling valve control operation. The combined cycle efficiency showed a clear improvement compared to the other strategies, resulting in 2.5 kilotons of annual carbon dioxide emission reduction per gas turbine unit. Compactness, autonomous operation, and acceptable technology readiness level for variable area nozzle turbines facilitate their application in offshore oil and gas installations.

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“…However, significant room for improvements was identified as other concepts showed potential to achieve better performance [4]. Efficiency improvements were identified as a sustainable option to simultaneously satisfy economics and energy security as well as the environmental objectives [5]. Considering the thermodynamic performance of petroleum platforms, efficiency increase is achievable through improving the performance of the processing plant, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas turbine exhaust gas heat recovery by organic Rankine cycles (ORC) for offshore combined heat and power applications - Energy and exergy analysis

Nami

Ertesvåg

Agromayor

et al. 2018

Energy

100

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Effective heat and power supply to offshore installations leads to environmental benefits, but the efficiency is often limited by requirements and constraints connected to the offshore environment. An exergetic analysis of gas turbines exhaust heat recovery on offshore platforms is performed to identify optimal approaches to produce heat and power. Two different configurations are presented, with heat delivery at two temperature levels and power production by an organic Rankine cycle (ORC). In one system (cascade), the high temperature heat is taken from the exhaust after the ORC, while low temperature heat is taken from the ORC condenser.Alternatively, high and low temperature heat is taken from the exhaust gas before the ORC feeds on the remaining exhaust thermal energy (series system). Four different working fluids (three siloxanes, one refrigerant) are considered. In addition, the exergetic effects of the heat loads and heat source temperatures are investigated. The results revealed that MM and R124 are the best working fluids for the cascade and series system, respectively. A recuperated ORC in the series

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Flexible Combined Heat and Power Systems for Offshore Oil and Gas Facilities With CO2 Bottoming Cycles

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Compact Steam Bottoming Cycles: Minimum Weight Design Optimization and Transient Response of Once-Through Steam Generators

Compact Steam Bottoming Cycles: Minimum Weight Design Optimization and Transient Response of Once-Through Steam Generators

Assessment of Organic Rankine Cycle Part-Load Performance as Gas Turbine Bottoming Cycle with Variable Area Nozzle Turbine Technology

Gas turbine exhaust gas heat recovery by organic Rankine cycles (ORC) for offshore combined heat and power applications - Energy and exergy analysis

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