Flexible control of the microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded Ti–6Al–4V joints

Kitamura, Kenichi; Fujii, Hidetoshi; Iwata, Yoshiharu; Yangshan, Sun; Morisada, Yoshiaki

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2012.10.051

Cited by 87 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The increase in hardness has been reported by other researchers as well [31][32][33][34][35][36]. For example, Kitamura showed that smaller particles increase the strength of the structure, and that hardness is also directly associated with strength, and as the grains have smaller size in the stirred zone the hardness of the stirred zone increases [36]. Hua also showed that a mixture of aluminium and titanium is formed in the stirred zone, so that the mixed zone is composed of an intermetallic compound and this increases the hardness.…”

Section: Analysis Of Hardnesssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The results showed 360 HV10 hardness in the joint area, which means that the hardness in the area of the titanium base metal and aluminium is increased by 6% and 20%, respectively. The increase in hardness has been reported by other researchers as well [31][32][33][34][35][36]. For example, Kitamura showed that smaller particles increase the strength of the structure, and that hardness is also directly associated with strength, and as the grains have smaller size in the stirred zone the hardness of the stirred zone increases [36].…”

Section: Analysis Of Hardnesssupporting

confidence: 70%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Joints Between Commercially Pure Titanium Alloy and 7075 Aluminium Alloy

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryIn this study, a joint between commercially pure titanium alloy and 7075 aluminium alloy was butt welded by using friction stir welding at a rotational speed of 1120 rpm and a traverse speed of 50 mmmin -1 . The evaluation of hardness and microstructure was performed by using scanning electron microscopy. The phases in the weld area were identified by applying the X-ray diffraction technique and the Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis was used for the evaluation of intermetallic compounds of the weld area. The weld zone is cone-shaped and consists of aluminium and titanium particles that play an important role in increasing hardness and tensile strength. The weld area has three zones, namely the titanium base metal zone, the aluminium base metal zone, and the titanium-aluminium intermetallic compound mixed zone. It was also observed that the joint area on the aluminium side includes the stirred area, the thermo-mechanically affected zone, and the heat-affected zone, while the titanium joint area contains the stirred zone and the heat-affected zone. The hardness value of the weld area was around 360 HV, which means that in this area, compared to the base metal of titanium and aluminium, hardness has increased by 6% and 20%, respectively. This can be attributed to severe plastic deformation and formation of intermetallic compounds of titanium and aluminium in this area.

show abstract

Section: Analysis Of Hardnesssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Analysis Of Hardnesssupporting

confidence: 70%

Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Joints Between Commercially Pure Titanium Alloy and 7075 Aluminium Alloy

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although FSW is often employed as a technique for welding aluminum alloys [13,14], but it has also been used for welding of many other metals such as magnesium alloys [15,16], titanium alloys [17,18] and metal-matrix composites [19,20]. Moreover, similar or dissimilar materials in different thickness can be welded by this method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Different Finite Element Methods in the Thermal Analysis of Friction Stir Welding (FSW)

Meyghani

Awang

Emamian

et al. 2017

Metals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a novel kind of welding for joining metals that are impossible or difficult to weld by conventional methods. Three-dimensional nature of FSW makes the experimental investigation more complex. Moreover, experimental observations are often costly and time consuming, and usually there is an inaccuracy in measuring the data during experimental tests. Thus, Finite Element Methods (FEMs) has been employed to overcome the complexity, to increase the accuracy and also to reduce costs. It should be noted that, due to the presence of large deformations of the material during FSW, strong distortions of mesh might be happened in the numerical simulation. Therefore, one of the most significant considerations during the process simulation is the selection of the best numerical approach. It must be mentioned that; the numerical approach selection determines the relationship between the finite grid (mesh) and deforming continuum of computing zones. Also, numerical approach determines the ability of the model to overcome large distortions of mesh and provides an accurate resolution of boundaries and interfaces. There are different descriptions for the algorithms of continuum mechanics include Lagrangian and Eulerian. Moreover, by combining the above-mentioned methods, an Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) approach is proposed. In this paper, a comparison between different numerical approaches for thermal analysis of FSW at both local and global scales is reviewed and the applications of each method in the FSW process is discussed in detail. Observations showed that, Lagrangian method is usually used for modelling thermal behavior in the whole structure area, while Eulerian approach is seldom employed for modelling of the thermal behavior, and it is usually employed for modelling the material flow. Additionally, for modelling of the heat affected zone, ALE approach is found to be as an appropriate approach. Finally, several significant challenges and subjects remain to be addressed about FSW thermal analysis and opportunities for the future work are proposed.

show abstract

“…Se obtuvieron los perfiles de dureza mediante un durómetro Shimadzu modelo HMV2 utilizando una carga de 980,7 mN por 15 s en cada medición [26]. Esta misma técnica y parámetros fueron utilizados para la medición de microdureza en el metal base.…”

Section: Procedimiento De Ensayosunclassified

Evolución Microestructural en Uniones de la Aleación Ti-6Al-4V Mediante el Proceso de Soldadura de Punto por Fricción-agitación

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Este es un artículo publicado en acceso (Open Access) abierto bajo la licencia Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial, que permite su uso, distribución y reproducción en cualquier medio, sin restricciones siempre que sin fines comerciales y que el trabajo original sea debidamente citado.Recibido: 28 Enero, 2016 Aprobado: 06 Jun., 2016 E-mail: flor.garciacs@uanl.edu.mx (FAG-C)Resumen: La soldadura de punto por fricción-agitación (Friction Stir Spot Welding, FSSW) es un tema de reciente desarrollo e interés, principalmente en aleaciones de Titanio, ya que existen estudios previos realizados en aleaciones de aluminio, magnesio, aceros y polímeros. Las aleaciones de Titanio tienen una amplia aplicación en la industria aeronáutica, principalmente como componentes en el tren de aterrizaje en aviones comerciales, por lo cual este trabajo se centra en la aleación Ti-6Al-4V, este tipo de aleación presenta fases alfa (α) y beta (β), brindado mejor balance en propiedades mecánicas de dureza y esfuerzo a la tensión. El proceso FSSW se realizó mediante un centro de maquinado de alta velocidad, utilizando una velocidad de rotación de 500 RPM, una velocidad de penetración de la herramienta de 2 mm/s y 3 s en tiempo de sostenimiento, en láminas con un espesor de 1,5 mm y una longitud de traslape de 20 mm. Los resultados mostraron el efecto de las variables del proceso de soldadura FSSW sobre la microestructura de la aleación Ti-6Al-4V ocasionada por el efecto térmico y la deformación plástica del proceso de la soldadura, concluyendo que una adecuada combinación de parámetros permite realizar una unión sin defectos. Palabras-clave:Aleación Ti-6Al-4V; Análisis microestructural; Soldadura de punto por fricción-agitación (FSSW); Aleaciones aeronáuticas; Zona afectada termo-mecánicamente. Microstructural Evolution in Joints of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy by Friction Stir Spot WeldingAbstract: Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) is a process of recent development and interest, mainly in titanium alloys, since there are previous studies of aluminum alloys, magnesium, steel and polymers. Titanium alloys have a wide range of applications in the aeronautical industry, mainly in the components of commercial aircrafts as landing gear. Therefore, this work was focused on the Ti-6Al-4V alloy, this type of alloy has alpha (α) and beta (β) phases, giving a better balance between its mechanical properties as hardness and tensile strength. The FSSW process was performed using a high speed machining center, with a rotational speed of 500 RPM, plunge speed of 2 mm/s and 3 sec in dwell time, in sheets with a thickness of 1.5 mm and overlap length of 20 mm. The results showed the effect of process variables during FSSW process on microstructure of Ti-6Al-4V alloy caused by the thermal effect and plastic deformation of the welding process, obtaining an appropriate combination of parameters and binding flawless.

show abstract

Flexible control of the microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded Ti–6Al–4V joints

Cited by 87 publications

References 29 publications

Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Joints Between Commercially Pure Titanium Alloy and 7075 Aluminium Alloy

Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Joints Between Commercially Pure Titanium Alloy and 7075 Aluminium Alloy

A Comparison of Different Finite Element Methods in the Thermal Analysis of Friction Stir Welding (FSW)

Evolución Microestructural en Uniones de la Aleación Ti-6Al-4V Mediante el Proceso de Soldadura de Punto por Fricción-agitación

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About