Flexible CsPbCl3 inorganic perovskite thin-film detectors for real-time monitoring in protontherapy

Bruzzi, M.; Calisi, Nicola; Enea, N.; Verroi, Enrico; Vinattieri, A.

doi:10.3389/fphy.2023.1126753

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering was successfully employed by Bruzzi et al for the first time to deposit a CsPbCl 3 inorganic perovskite film as the active medium of a radiotherapy dosimeter [ 26 ]. In 2023, through the same technique, the first flexible CsPbCl 3 -based detector was demonstrated by the same group for real-time monitoring in proton therapy [ 9 ].…”

Section: Techniques For Perovskite Films Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thin film prototype detectors for proton flux monitoring based on CsPbCl

-thick films grown with room temperature RF magnetron sputtering on flexible substrates, 125

thick, equipped with Pd interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) with 100

width/contacts pitch have been reported in Ref. [ 9 ]. A photo of the device developed for this purpose is shown in Figure 12 a. Bruzzi et al report the first measurements in real-time configuration with a reverse bias of 2V under proton beams with energy in the range 100–228 MeV and 1–10 nA extraction currents, of interest for proton therapy applications.…”

Section: Ionizing Radiation Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reproduced with permission from ref. [ 9 ]. ( b ) Photos of the mixed 3D-2D perovskite flexible proton beam detector.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, a polycrystalline film allows a deposition over large areas, which is more economically advantageous. In addition, perovskite-based films can be the active medium of flexible devices [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Halide Perovskites Films for Ionizing Radiation Detection: An Overview of Novel Solid-State Devices

Falsini

Cicconi

Rizzo

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Halide perovskites are a novel class of semiconductors that have attracted great interest in recent decades due to their peculiar properties of interest for optoelectronics. In fact, their use ranges from the field of sensors and light emitters to ionizing radiation detectors. Since 2015, ionizing radiation detectors exploiting perovskite films as active media have been developed. Recently, it has also been demonstrated that such devices can be suitable for medical and diagnostic applications. This review collects most of the recent and innovative publications regarding solid-state devices for the detection of X-rays, neutrons, and protons based on perovskite thin and thick films in order to show that this type of material can be used to design a new generation of devices and sensors. Thin and thick films of halide perovskites are indeed excellent candidates for low-cost and large-area device applications, where the film morphology allows the implementation on flexible devices, which is a cutting-edge topic in the sensor sector.

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Section: Techniques For Perovskite Films Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thin film prototype detectors for proton flux monitoring based on CsPbCl

-thick films grown with room temperature RF magnetron sputtering on flexible substrates, 125

thick, equipped with Pd interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) with 100

Section: Ionizing Radiation Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reproduced with permission from ref. [ 9 ]. ( b ) Photos of the mixed 3D-2D perovskite flexible proton beam detector.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Halide Perovskites Films for Ionizing Radiation Detection: An Overview of Novel Solid-State Devices

Falsini

Cicconi

Rizzo

et al. 2023

Sensors

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show abstract

“…Within the class of high-bandgap materials, it is worth mentioning lead halide perovskites, characterized by a bandgap similar to that of SiC with an even higher sensitivity per unit volume. CsPbCl 3 and CsPbBr 3 single crystals and films have recently been tested as beam-monitoring detectors and dosimeters for high-energy particle beams, with promising results [ 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Nonetheless, devices based on these materials are still in a preliminary stage of research and development [ 21 , 22 ], while epitaxial 4H-SiC Schottky diodes rely on a mature and well-established technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epitaxial SiC Dosimeters and Flux Monitoring Detectors for Proton Therapy Beams

Bruzzi

Verroi

2023

Materials

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The exceptional optoelectronic properties and high radiation resistance of epitaxial silicon carbide make this material attractive for high-energy beam dosimetry and radiation monitoring, especially when strict requirements such as high signal-to-noise ratios, high time and spatial resolutions and low detectivity levels are required. A 4H-SiC Schottky diode has been characterized as a proton-flux-monitoring detector and dosimeter under proton beams for proton therapy. The diode was composed of an epitaxial film grown on 4H-SiC n+-type substrate equipped with a gold Schottky contact. The diode was embedded in a tissue-equivalent epoxy resin and then characterized in terms of capacitance vs. voltage (C-V) and current vs. voltage (I-V) characteristics in the dark in the range of 0–40 V. The dark currents at room temperature are in the order of 1 pA, while the doping and active thicknesses extracted from the C-V are 2.5 × 1015 cm−3 and 2–4 μm, respectively. Proton beam tests have been carried out at the Proton Therapy Center of the Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications (TIFPA-INFN). They have been carried out with energies and extraction currents of 83–220 MeV and 1–10 nA, respectively, as typical for proton therapy applications, corresponding to dose rates in the range of 5 mGy/s to 2.7 Gy/s. The I-V characteristics measured under proton beam irradiation at the lowest dose rate showed a typical diode photocurrent response and a signal-to-noise ratio well above 10. Investigations with null bias evidenced a very good performance in terms of the diode’s sensitivity, fast rise and decay times and response stability. The diode’s sensitivity was in agreement with the expected theoretical values, and its response was linear throughout the whole investigated dose rate range.

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Real‐Time Radiation Beam Monitoring by Flexible Perovskite Thin Film Arrays

Fratelli,

Basiricò,

Ciavatti

et al. 2024

Advanced Science

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Real‐time and in‐line transversal monitoring of ionizing radiation beams is a crucial task for several applications which span from medical treatments to particle accelerators in high energy physics. Here a flexible and large area device based on 2D hybrid perovskite thin films (phenylethylammonium lead bromide), fabricated onto a thin flexible polyimide substrate, able to map the transversal beam profile of high energy radiation beams is reported. The performance of this novel tool is here compared with the one offered by standard commercial large‐area technology, namely radiochromic sheets. The great potential of this class of devices is demonstrated by successfully mapping in real‐time a 5 MeV proton beam at fluxes between 108 and 1010 H+ s−1 cm−2, confirming the capability to operate in a radiation‐harsh environment without output signal saturation issues. The versatility and scalability of here proposed detecting system are demonstrated by the development of a multipixel array able to map in real‐time a 40 kVp X‐ray beam spot (dose rate 8 mGy s−1). Perovskite thin film‐based detectors are thus assessed as a very promising class of thin, flexible devices for real‐time, in‐line, large‐area, conformable, reusable, transparent, and low‐cost transversal beam monitoring of different ionizing radiation.

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Flexible CsPbCl3 inorganic perovskite thin-film detectors for real-time monitoring in protontherapy

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

Halide Perovskites Films for Ionizing Radiation Detection: An Overview of Novel Solid-State Devices

Halide Perovskites Films for Ionizing Radiation Detection: An Overview of Novel Solid-State Devices

Epitaxial SiC Dosimeters and Flux Monitoring Detectors for Proton Therapy Beams

Real‐Time Radiation Beam Monitoring by Flexible Perovskite Thin Film Arrays

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