Flexible electrically resistive-type strain sensors based on reduced graphene oxide-decorated electrospun polymer fibrous mats for human motion monitoring

Wang, Yalong; Hao, Ji; Huang, Zhengxu; Zheng, Guoqiang; Dai, Kun; Liu, Chuntai; Shen, Changyu

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2017.10.034

Cited by 421 publications

(276 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Flexible strain sensors have recently attracted tremendous attention due to their promising applications as wearable devices in personal health monitoring, artificial skin, sports performance monitoring, and human–machine interface . To satisfy the growing interests, significant efforts have been made to improve their overall performances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Aligned, Anisotropic Carbon Nanofiber Films for Multidirectional Strain Sensors with Exceptional Selectivity

Lee

Kim

Liú

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

165

123

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Realization of sensing multidirectional strains is essential to understanding the nature of complex motions. Traditional uniaxial strain sensors lack the capability to detect motions working in different directions, limiting their applications in unconventional sensing technology areas, like sophisticated human-machine interface and real-time monitoring of dynamic body movements. Herein, a stretchable multidirectional strain sensor is developed using highly aligned, anisotropic carbon nanofiber (ACNF) films via a facile, low-cost, and scalable electrospinning approach. The fabricated strain sensor exhibits semitransparency, good stretchability of over 30%, outstanding durability for over 2500 cycles, and remarkable anisotropic strain sensing performance with maximum gauge factors of 180 and 0.3 for loads applied parallel and perpendicular to fiber alignment, respectively. Cross-plied ACNF strain sensors are fabricated by orthogonally stacking two singlelayer ACNFs, which present a unique capability to distinguish the directions and magnitudes of strains with a remarkable selectivity of 3.84, highest among all stretchable multidirectional strain sensors reported so far. Their unconventional applications are demonstrated by detecting multi-degrees-offreedom synovial joint movements of the human body and monitoring wrist movements for systematic improvement of golf performance. The potential applications of novel multidirectional sensors reported here may shed new light into future development of next-generation soft, flexible electronics.To satisfy the growing interests, significant efforts have been made to improve their overall performances. Various materials and structures, [14][15][16][17][18] including nanosize metals, [19][20][21][22] conductive polymers, [23][24][25] nanocarbon materials, [26][27][28][29][30] and fiber or core-shell structure, [14,16,31] have been utilized to enhance the sensitivity, stretchability, linearity, and stability. Unfortunately, however, these strain sensors are designed to mainly detect a uniaxial strain while sensing multidirectional strains has rarely been accomplished, restricting their widespread applications. [32,33] The difficulty in achieving multidirectional strain sensing is due to the macro-or microscopically isotropic nature of conducting networks of strain sensors, which usually experience similar deformation upon stretching in any direction. To address this issue, geometrically engineered flexible strain gauge rosettes [34] and cross-shaped strain sensors [35] composed of isotropic piezoresistive materials were introduced previously. However, they showed a limited success with a small sensing range and an insufficient capability to distinguish the changes in multiaxial strain conditions because the isotropic piezoresistive materials experience significant destruction in their networks at high strains, regardless of the loading directions. To measure complex motions in 3D space with high accuracy requires rational design and use of suitable materials capable of detect...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Aligned, Anisotropic Carbon Nanofiber Films for Multidirectional Strain Sensors with Exceptional Selectivity

Lee

Kim

Liú

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

165

123

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“…[83] Additionally, they must possess the following characteristics: high stretchability for monitoring largescale human activities (such as stretching, torsion, and bending movements of the human limbs, ε > 100%), high sensitivity for detection of tiny-scale motions (such as delicate movements caused by heartbeat, pulse, swallowing, and facial microexpression, ε ≈ 0.1%), and fast response/recovery speeds for real-time monitoring. [114] Currently, to solve these issues, various nanomaterials and nanocomposites (such as polymer nanofibers, metals or metal oxides nanowires, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and nanohybrid materials) are being employed to construct outstanding wearable strain sensor, since trimming down to nanoscale, nanostructures have an intrinsically large surface area in conjunction with excellent mechanical and electrical properties, thereby giving it the advantage of using smaller amount of active materials to build a high-efficiency percolation conductive network while maintaining high stretchability and then providing www.advmat.de www.advancedsciencenews.com a new opportunity to develop high-performance sensors [111,[115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122] ( Table 2). [114] Currently, to solve these issues, various nanomaterials and nanocomposites (such as polymer nanofibers, metals or metal oxides nanowires, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and nanohybrid materials) are being employed to construct outstanding wearable strain sensor, since trimming down to nanoscale, nanostructures have an intrinsically large surface area in conjunction with excellent mechanical and electrical properties, thereby giving it the advantage of using smaller amount of active materials to build a high-efficiency percolation conductive network while maintaining high stretchability and then providing www.advmat.de www.advancedsciencenews.com a new opportunity to develop high-performance sensors [111,[115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122] ( Table 2).…”

Section: Wearable Strain/motion Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of Nanomaterials in Wearables: A Review on Wearable Actuators and Sensors

et al. 2018

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Powered by market hype, trends among youth, and enormous funds, wearable technology has propelled itself as one of the most discussed topics in the field during past few years. A number of different companies representing all throughout the world have already entered into the market with hundreds of different products like smart watches, fitness trackers, smart garments, and even different smart medical attachments.Together with the evolution of digital health care, the wearable electronics field has evolved rapidly during the past few years and is expected to be expanded even further within the first few years of the next decade. As the next stage of wearables is predicted to move toward integrated wearables, nanomaterials and nanocomposites are in the spotlight of the search for novel concepts for integration. In addition, the conversion of current devices and attachment-based wearables into integrated technology may involve a significant size reduction while retaining their functional capabilities. Nanomaterialbased wearable sensors have already marked their presence with a significant distinction while nanomaterial-based wearable actuators are still at their embryonic stage. This review looks into the contribution of nanomaterials and nanocomposites to wearable technology with a focus on wearable sensors and actuators.

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“…Before device construction, configurations of several hotspot devices are briefly illustrated, including dye‐sensitized and perovskite solar cells, piezoelectric and triboelectric nanogenerators, supercapacitors, lithium‐ion batteries, resistive‐type sensors, photodetectors, and actuators. For their specialized mechanisms and comprehensive progress, readers can turn to some splendid references …”

Section: Device Constructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Resistive‐type sensors normally possess only one component, which can sense stress, humidity, and gases . The mechanism of resistive‐type sensors is the resistance changes toward stimuli.…”

Section: Device Constructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanism of resistive‐type sensors is the resistance changes toward stimuli. For example, if the stimulus is the stress or strain during stretching, the resistance change can be originated from geometrical changes, crack formation and propagation, and the tunneling effect, depending on the microstructure of the conductive network . Photodetector, also named as photonic sensor, is a device for detecting and measuring the properties of light via the photoelectric effect, which usually manifests as a photocurrent .…”

Section: Device Constructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Route Toward Smart System Integration: From Fiber Design to Device Construction

et al. 2019

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Fiber is a symbol of human civilization, being ubiquitous but obscure in society over most of history. Fiber has been revived upon the advent of fiber‐based electronic devices in the past two decades. This is due to its desirable lightweight, flexible, and conformable characteristics, which enable it to play a fundamental role in the electronic and information era. Numerous fiber‐based electronic devices have sprung up in energy conversion, energy storage, sensing, actuation, etc. A possibility is thereby conceived that they can be integrated into smart systems compatible with the human body, consisting of biotic fiber‐based organs and tissues, which possess similar but more advanced functions. However, the design of mono‐/multifibers, the construction of fiber‐based devices, and the integration of these smart systems represent great challenges in fundamental understanding and practical implementation. A systematic review of the current state of the art with respect to the design and fabrication of electronic fiber materials, construction of fiber‐based devices, and integration of smart systems is presented. In addition, limitations of current fiber‐based devices and perspectives are explored toward potential and promising smart integration.

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Flexible electrically resistive-type strain sensors based on reduced graphene oxide-decorated electrospun polymer fibrous mats for human motion monitoring

Cited by 421 publications

References 63 publications

Highly Aligned, Anisotropic Carbon Nanofiber Films for Multidirectional Strain Sensors with Exceptional Selectivity

Highly Aligned, Anisotropic Carbon Nanofiber Films for Multidirectional Strain Sensors with Exceptional Selectivity

Significance of Nanomaterials in Wearables: A Review on Wearable Actuators and Sensors

A Route Toward Smart System Integration: From Fiber Design to Device Construction

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