Flexible Electronic Skin: From Humanoids to Humans [Scanning the Issue]

Dahiya, Ravinder; Akinwande, Deji; Chang, Joseph S.

doi:10.1109/jproc.2019.2941665

Cited by 101 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…For eSkin to help and execute touch-based interactive tasks on a real-time basis, devices to locally compute and store the tactile information are extremely important. As discussed in §1a, the presence of distributed memory in eSkin is projected to play an important role in locally processing the tactile information followed by storage [2,3,7,[10][11][12][15][16][17][18][19][20]. To address the urgent needs related to huge amounts of tactile data and computation, the traditional von Neumann architecture has found its way to the conventional computing hardware [73][74][75].…”

Section: Distributed Memory and Computingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20 W, where energy required to pass one spike through a synapse is 10 fJ [22]) despite large tactile data coming from receptors distributed in the skin (figure 2). Therefore, the distributed computations make the skin inherently power-efficient and robust to noise [2,3,[11][12][13][14]21,23,24]. Clearly, the harmonized energy and computing in eSkin should be explored much like the distributed touch sensing has been.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From above discussion, it is clear that the major challenges for development of human skin like eSkin are related to distributed and interconnected networks of soft sensors, electronics over large areas and the distributed computing to allow efficient transfer of data while optimally using the limited bandwidth of communication channels [11][12][13][14]21,23,28]. The efficiency gap between artificial systems and their biological counterpart could be bridged through the neuromorphic mechanisms [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…by integrating photovoltaic cells on whole body) to power the sensors and electronics [25]. In fact, the development of large area eSkin has revolutionized robotics by allowing new strategies based on simultaneous multiple contacts, particularly in the unstructured environments or where vision is blocked [2][3][4][11][12][13][14]24,32]. In unstructured environments, the complete world model is not available, and robots have to plan and execute the tasks in the presence of environmental uncertainties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, most of the work presented in the literature for neuromorphic tactile sensing has focused on software-based approaches instead of the development of new hardware. Contrary to this, the event-driven neuromorphic vision has gained significant attention over tactile sensing, attributing to the discussions made previously [11][12][13][14]45,46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soft eSkin: distributed touch sensing with harmonized energy and computing

Soni

Dahiya

2019

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Inspired by biology, significant advances have been made in the field of electronic skin (eSkin) or tactile skin. Many of these advances have come through mimicking the morphology of human skin and by distributing few touch sensors in an area. However, the complexity of human skin goes beyond mimicking few morphological features or using few sensors. For example, embedded computing (e.g. processing of tactile data at the point of contact) is centric to the human skin as some neuroscience studies show. Likewise, distributed cell or molecular energy is a key feature of human skin. The eSkin with such features, along with distributed and embedded sensors/electronics on soft substrates, is an interesting topic to explore. These features also make eSkin significantly different from conventional computing. For example, unlike conventional centralized computing enabled by miniaturized chips, the eSkin could be seen as a flexible and wearable large area computer with distributed sensors and harmonized energy. This paper discusses these advanced features in eSkin, particularly the distributed sensing harmoniously integrated with energy harvesters, storage devices and distributed computing to read and locally process the tactile sensory data. Rapid advances in neuromorphic hardware, flexible energy generation, energy-conscious electronics, flexible and printed electronics are also discussed. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Harmonizing energy-autonomous computing and intelligence’.

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Section: Distributed Memory and Computingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soft eSkin: distributed touch sensing with harmonized energy and computing

Soni

Dahiya

2019

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Next Generation of High‐Performance Printed Flexible Electronics

Dahiya¹,

Kumaresan²,

Dahiya³

2022

Advances in Semiconductor Technologies

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Magnetosensitive E‐Skins for Interactive Devices

Bermúdez

Makarov

2021

Adv Funct Materials

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Electronic skins (e‐skins) have established themselves as a versatile technology to restore or enhance human perception, and potentially enable softer robotics. So far, the focus has been mostly on reproducing the traditional functions associated with human skin, such as, temperature, pressure, and chemical detection. New developments have also introduced nonstandard sensing capabilities like magnetic field detection, to spawn the field of magnetosensitive e‐skins. Adding a supplementary information channel—an electronic sixth sense—allows humans to utilize the surrounding magnetic fields as stimuli for touchless interactions. Due to their vectorial nature, these stimuli can be used to track motion and orientation in 3D, opening the door to various kinds of gestural control for interactive devices. This approach to tracking provides an alternative or complement to optic‐based systems, which usually rely on cameras or infrared emitters, that cannot easily capture fine motion when objects are far from the source or the line‐of‐sight is obtruded. Here, the background, fabrication techniques, and recent advances of this field are reviewed; covering important aspects like: directional perception, geomagnetic field detection, on‐site conditioning, and multimodal approaches. The aim is to give the reader a general perspective and highlight some new avenues of research, toward artificial magnetoception.

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Flexible Electronic Skin: From Humanoids to Humans [Scanning the Issue]

Cited by 101 publications

References 16 publications

Soft eSkin: distributed touch sensing with harmonized energy and computing

Soft eSkin: distributed touch sensing with harmonized energy and computing

Next Generation of High‐Performance Printed Flexible Electronics

Magnetosensitive E‐Skins for Interactive Devices

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