2019
DOI: 10.3390/mi10070464
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Flexible Electrowetting-on-Dielectric Microlens Array Sheet

Abstract: We have fabricated a fully-flexible, focus-tunable microlens array on a sheet and demonstrated its imaging capabilities. Each liquid lens of the array is individually tunable via electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD) actuation and is situated on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate, which allows the lens array to operate as a reconfigurable optical system. In particular, we observed a significant increase in the field of view (FOV) of the system to 40.4° by wrapping it on a cylindrical surface as compared to … Show more

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Cited by 21 publications
(13 citation statements)
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“…The diameter of the lens was 1 mm, and the focal length ranged from 9.2 to 20.2 mm. The field-of-view of the tunable MLAs could reach 40.4° . These results prove the application potential of tunable MLAs.…”
Section: Introductionsupporting
confidence: 57%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The diameter of the lens was 1 mm, and the focal length ranged from 9.2 to 20.2 mm. The field-of-view of the tunable MLAs could reach 40.4° . These results prove the application potential of tunable MLAs.…”
Section: Introductionsupporting
confidence: 57%
“…The field-of-view of the tunable MLAs could reach 40.4°. 33 These results prove the application potential of tunable MLAs. Nonetheless, the common, tunable MLAs based on EWOD mainly rely on external electrodes such as needle, cylindrical, and parallel electrodes.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 56%
“…Also, liquid microlenses can be reshaped through various external stimuli. For example, electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD) has been widely applied to change the contact angle of individual microlens to adjust the focal length of the MLAs. Besides, another strategy based on the surface modification of substrate to change liquid contact angles and microlens’ focal length is also reported . Although these methods can achieve tunable liquid MLAs, the liquids are limited to conductive and photosensitive materials, and the tuning process is also complicated and time-consuming.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the case of a membrane, the membrane may be used between liquid and air, or between two different liquids. While liquid lenses without a membrane generally rely upon electromagnetic or thermal properties of the liquids themselves in order to actuate the lens [8,9,10,11,12,13,14], liquid lenses formed with the addition of a simple membrane can be actuated through a much wider range of mechanisms. Thanks to the near-incompressibility of liquids, these lenses can utilize a variety of different actuators, including pneumatic [15,16,17,18,19], electrowetting [20,21,22,23,24], magnetic/electromagnetic [25,26], piezoelectric [27,28,29,30,31,32], electrostatic [33], dielectrophoretic [11,34], or any other actuator that can be coupled to a sealed liquid chamber to provide focus tuning.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%