“…ROA has been amply used for the valuation of finance-related projects, retailing, auctioning, contracts, mergers & acquisitions, outsourcing, and leasing which are characterized by substantial risks (Mittendorf, 2004;Marcus & Anderson, 2006;Jiang et al, 2008;Kumar & Turnbull, 2008;Su et al, 2009). ROA has also been applied to value the flexibility embedded in operations management, facility management, manufacturing and production management, capacity planning, supply chain management, and inventory management projects (Boute et al, 2004, Kamrad & Siddique, 2004Kamrad & Ord, 2006;West & Bengtsson, 2007;Jao et al, 2007;Zhao & Tseng, 2007;Berling, 2008;Dulluri & Raghavan, 2008;Li & Rajagopalan, 2008;Driouchi et al, 2009;Huang, 2009;Lin, 2009). In addition, ROA has been applied to value environmental projects (Guthrie & Kumareswaran, 2009;Leroux et al, 2009), power and oil & gas-related projects (Takizawa & Suzuki, 2004;Wang & Min, 2006;Tseng & Lin, 2007;Bøckman et al, 2008;Hahn & Dyer, 2008;Porchet et al, 2009), research and development projects (Pennings & Lint, 2000;Koussis et al, 2007;Kim et al, 2008a;Miller & Clarke, 2008;Wu et al, 2008c), and pharmaceutical and health-related projects (Levaggi & Moretto, 2008;Pertile, 2009), among others.…”