Flexible Film Apparatus for the Rearing and Use of Germfree Animals12

Trexler, P. C.; Reynolds, Louise I.

doi:10.1128/aem.5.6.406-412.1957

Cited by 138 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…(15) fed ad libitum. The germfree rats were maintained in flexible plastic isolators (16), and the conventional controls in the open environment of the same air-conditioned room. The day before the experiment the animals were fasted overnight with free access to water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tone and Reactivity of Vascular Smooth Muscle in Germfree Rat Mesentery

Baez

Gordon

1971

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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Rodents reared under germfree conditions exhibit cardiovascular and hemodynamic features which are at variance from similar animals reared in open animal-colony environment.When compared to conventional counterparts, germfree rats, in addition to an indication of smaller heart size and lower blood volume, show significantly lower cardiac output (1) and a relatively diminished regional (liver, intestine) blood flow

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tone and Reactivity of Vascular Smooth Muscle in Germfree Rat Mesentery

Baez

Gordon

1971

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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“…The relatively low cost of isolators made from such material has made them widely available and recently efforts have been made to introduce larger animals to the germfree state, and in 1960 a germfree pig and sheep were described (Whitehair, 1960). Trexler and Reynolds (1957) were first to use flexible plastic film in the construction of germfree animal isolation units, and shortly afterwards Landy (1961) and Levenson with his co-workers (1960) used the same material for human surgical isolators.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Technique for the Delivery of a Germfree Child

Barnes

Fairweather

Reynolds

et al. 1968

BJOG

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“…In the runs which form the main body of this report, proper measures were taken to secure the bacteria-frce state throughout the experiment. Shock was induced in rats which were transferred from their germfree housing units v/a a sterile lock into a plastic hood which was presterilized with a peracetic acid aerosol (16). Materials, which could be subjected to chemical sterilization, were treated in situ during the sterilization of the hood.…”

Section: Germfree Rats--mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…exhaust system insured adequate exchange of sterile air (16). The operator and assistant worked inside the hood by means of attached arm extensions into which surgical gloves bad been fitted.…”

Section: Germfree Rats--mentioning

confidence: 99%

Irreversible Hemorrhagic Shock in Germfree Rats

Zweifach

Gordon

Wagner

et al. 1958

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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It has been postulated that the development of irreversibility in shock initiated by trauma or hemorrhage is mediated primarily by a breakdown of bacterial defense mechanisms and an attendant vasculo-toxic sequela. The validity of this thesis rests in large part on experiments in dogs and rabbits (1, 2) in which pretreatment with antibiotics successfully circumvented the fatal consequences of a standardized episode of hemorrhagic shock. Further support has been derived from indirect evidence: a decreased tolerance to bacterial endotoxins (3), a fall in blood properdin levels (4), and an impaired capacity to clear bacteria from the bloodstream during the course of the shock reactions (5). The pathophysiologic alterations produced by bacterial endotoxins have been shown in recent experiments (6, 7) to be strikingly similar to the vascular manifestations of the shock syndromes produced by hemorrhage and trauma. Moreover, animals rendered tolerant to bacterial endotoxins by repeated exposure to these extracts were found to be resistant to both hemorrhagic and traumatic shock.Although the syndrome of traumatic or hemorrhagic shock in the rat is not accompanied by a systematic bacteriemia (8), as has been reported in the dog (9), the syndromes follow a similar course in both animals, as evidenced by observations of the peripheral circulation (10), by studies of tissue metabolism (11), and by histopathology (12). In order to gain more direct information concerning the influence of bacterial factors on the course of shock in the rat, experiments were undertaken with animals reared under bacteria-free conditions. It would seem a reasonable assumption that if the presence of bacteria in the tissues or blood of the shocked rat is of importance in determining the outcome, * These studies were aided

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Flexible Film Apparatus for the Rearing and Use of Germfree Animals12

Cited by 138 publications

References 4 publications

Tone and Reactivity of Vascular Smooth Muscle in Germfree Rat Mesentery

Tone and Reactivity of Vascular Smooth Muscle in Germfree Rat Mesentery

A Technique for the Delivery of a Germfree Child

Irreversible Hemorrhagic Shock in Germfree Rats

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