Flexible Flatfoot

Moraleda, Luis; Mubarak, Scott J.

doi:10.1097/bpo.0b013e31821723ce

Cited by 56 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…A detailed description of the cluster analysis method can be found in the supplementary material. The foot posture measurement indices for the PFF and TDF groups were consistent with previous literature [8, 17–20]. Of the 95 children participating in the study, 48 were classified as having PFF and 47 as TDF.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Whilst it is evident that there are structural and functional differences between TDF and PFF, how these relate to symptoms is still, in the most part, unclear. One problem in the literature is that children are grouped on the basis of presence or absence of symptoms [8, 11, 12]. Clinicians would agree that children with PFF may present in a variety of ways and that distinction is not black and white.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Differences have been found in a number of dimensions, including the static alignment and geometry of the tarsal bones, plantar pressure patterns, and gait kinematics [8–11]. The description of anatomical and functional differences seen in PFF contributes to our understanding, but few studies have looked at the clinical picture and investigated how these differences relate to symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The description of anatomical and functional differences seen in PFF contributes to our understanding, but few studies have looked at the clinical picture and investigated how these differences relate to symptoms. Amongst the few, Moraleda et al [8] correlated two radiological measurements with symptomatic flat feet, and Hosl et al [10] used gait analysis to assess kinematic differences between TDF and symptomatic and asymptomatic PFF (SFF, ASFF). Whilst Hosl et al [10] found differences between the TDF group and PFF as a whole, they were unable to distinguish between SFF and ASFF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When considering the specific symptoms children with PFF experience, complaints are broad and symptoms vary in severity. The symptom profile is quite heterogeneous, but studies tend not to reflect this and use ‘symptomatic’ or ‘asymptomatic’ as a binary classifier [8, 11, 12]. It is also unclear whether the symptoms caused by PFF are severe enough to warrant intervention, and there has been no comparison between this pathology and other foot and ankle pathologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Health-related quality of life in children with flexible flatfeet: A cross-sectional study

Kothari

Stebbins

Zavatsky

et al. 2014

Journal of Children's Orthopaedics

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PurposeThe effect of paediatric flexible flatfeet (PFF) on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) has not been investigated. In this prospective cross-sectional study, the HRQOL of children with PFF was compared to those with typically developing feet (TDF) using two validated measures. We hypothesised that reduced HRQOL would be observed in children with PFF. The reliability of parents’ perceptions of their child’s symptoms was also investigated.Methods48 children with PFF and 47 with TDF between the ages of 8 and 15 completed The Oxford Ankle Foot Questionnaire for Children (OxAFQ-C) and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL™ 4.0). Proxy questionnaires were also completed. Reliability of parent and child questionnaire scores was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Student’s t test. Differences between HRQOL between PFF and TDF were assessed using the Student’s t test.ResultsICCs overall demonstrated good reliability between parent and child questionnaire domain scores. There was a tendency for parents to overestimate the impairment of the child in the PFF group. PFF children demonstrated clinically significant decreased HRQOL than TDF children. This was most marked in the physical domain scores.ConclusionAlthough parents may overestimate their child’s impairment, children with PFF still have significantly impaired HRQOL when compared to TDF children. The impairment can be as severe, or worse, than published HRQOL for acutely and chronically unwell children. As such, PFF cannot be regarded as just a benign normal variant. The management of PFF should involve consideration of the symptom profile and HRQOL.Level of evidence:II.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11832-014-0621-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Health-related quality of life in children with flexible flatfeet: A cross-sectional study

Kothari

Stebbins

Zavatsky

et al. 2014

Journal of Children's Orthopaedics

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Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet

Evans

Rome

Carroll

et al. 2022

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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BackgroundPaediatric flat feet are a common presentation in primary care; reported prevalence approximates 15%. A minority of flat feet can hurt and limit gait. There is no optimal strategy, nor consensus, for using foot orthoses (FOs) to treat paediatric flat feet. ObjectivesTo assess the benefits and harms of foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet. Search methodsWe searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and Embase to 01 September 2021, and two clinical trials registers on 07 August 2020. Selection criteriaWe identified all randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of FOs as an intervention for paediatric flat feet. The outcomes included in this review were pain, function, quality of life, treatment success, and adverse events. Intended comparisons were: any FOs versus sham, any FOs versus shoes, customised FOs (CFOs) versus prefabricated FOs (PFOs). Data collection and analysisWe followed standard methods recommended by Cochrane. Main resultsWe included 16 trials with 1058 children, aged 11 months to 19 years, with flexible flat feet. Distinct flat foot presentations included asymptomatic, juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), symptomatic and developmental co-ordination disorder (DCD). The trial interventions were FOs, footwear, foot and rehabilitative exercises, and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES). Due to heterogeneity, we did not pool the data. Most trials had potential for selection, performance, detection, and selective reporting bias. No trial blinded participants. We present the results separately for asymptomatic (healthy children) and symptomatic (children with JIA) flat feet.The certainty of evidence was very low to low, downgraded for bias, imprecision, and indirectness. Three comparisons were evaluated across trials: CFO versus shoes; PFO versus shoes; CFO versus PFO. Asymptomatic flat feetFoot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet (Review)

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