Flexible magnetoelectric complex oxide heterostructures on muscovite for proximity sensor

Abstract

In modern technology, recent advances in multi-functional devices are rapidly developed for the diverse demands of human beings. Meanwhile, durability and adaptability to extreme environmental conditions are also required. In this study, a flexible magnetoelectric (ME) heterostructure based on CoFe2O4/Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 composite thin film on muscovite is presented, with two geometries of the constituents, namely laminar heterostructure, and vertical nanostructure, adopted for the comparison. On the other hand, credited to the mechanical flexibility of muscovite, the impact of flexibility on ME properties is also discussed with a series of bending tests. Moreover, the ME response sustains for 10,000 times bending without significant decrease, validating the mechanical durability of this heterostructure on muscovite. With these advantages, a flexible proximity sensor based on this heterostructure is demonstrated for motion detection. It is expected to offer a pathway for creating the next-generational flexible devices, showing potential for future practical application.

A Spin-Charge-Regulated Self-Powered Nanogenerator for Simultaneous Pyro-Magneto-Electric Energy Harvesting

“…Electric energy is widely used from fossil fuels and batteries. , Despite dwindling supplies, fossil fuel has a limit in that it causes pollution at burns, which limits energy supply to remote sensors, implantable medical devices, and Internet of Things (IoT) devices. − As a result, the search for alternative clean energies is demanded in aspects of both fundamental understanding of their remedies and technologies. Energy harvesting, also called “energy scavenging”, has an open scope of recovering green energy from energy waste. − Thus, harvesting energy from wastes such as solar, thermal, wind, vibration, and magnetic fields is a thrust era of outsourcing evergreen energy for uses in modern electronics and wireless sensor networks. ,− It has emerged as a critical technology for remedying the power management challenges associated with low-power and energy-efficient devices. , It is an efficient and the most clean way of producing electricity using a sustainable ferroelectric (FE) or a magnetoelectric (ME) generator. No pollutant is released while running such devices.…”

“…A linear effect is shown in antiferromagnetic (AFM) Cr 2 O 3 , wherein a H ac regulates its electronic polarization ( P ) . Nowadays, this field is far advanced in devising FE-FM (FM: ferromagnetic) gates in integrated devices. − Hwang et al developed a magneto-mechano-triboelectric nanogenerator by incorporating FE and FM materials in a triboelectric polymer matrix to harvest magnetic energy and various self-powered IoT applications. , The MEs prevail in thin films of inorganic–organic hybrid composites and heterostructures of both PE and PyE features. , The two phases exchange free energy even in the absence of any external driving fields, which is significantly small of great utilities of inducting value-aided MEs for various applications. , Single-phase multiferroics are rare and exhibit a small α me of only a few mV·cm –1 ·Oe –1 , often at low temperatures. ,, α me picks up in a biphase in the stress–strain transfer via the interfaces. − PE polymers poled on magnetostrictive phases (a layered heterostructure) tune α me to a V·cm –1 ·Oe –1 scale. In particular, poly­(vinylidene fluoride- co -trifluoro ethylene) (P­(VDF-TrFE)), a premier copolymer for flexible electronics, is shown to exhibit high performance at a relaxor-type secondary phase (nanocrystals) embedding in an amorphous phase of rather faster dipole mobility. , It slides to capture polarizability (antenna) at the interfaces. , A mutual exchange in mechanical-electrical emerges is often enhanced at the morphotropic phase boundary and bridges a transient regime of two competing phases at distinct symmetries. , However, no such phase boundary is resolved in organic solids. , The lack of effective strategies for harvesting the PE responses of polymers hampers their technologies for flexible, wearable, and biocompatible devices.…”

Mechanically Robust Interface at Metal/Muscovite Quasi van der Waals Epitaxy

“…In this study, we chose muscovite, a natural 2D-layered mineral, as a substrate. Numerous unique functional layers have been developed on muscovite that can maintain their excellent properties, − such as photoconductivity, ferroelectricity, perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, etc. Subsequently, all systems can attain additional flexibility without compromising their original performance.…”