Flexible mechanical metamaterials

Bertoldi, Katia; Vitelli, Vincenzo; Christensen, Johan; Hecke, Martin van

doi:10.1038/natrevmats.2017.66

Cited by 1,319 publications

(867 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…Simple systems-arrangements of holes, for instance-have been well studied. But as one recent review put it, "many designs so far have relied on luck and intuition" (13).…”

Section: Materials Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical metamaterials bend the rules of everyday physics

Powell¹

2018

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Simple systems-arrangements of holes, for instance-have been well studied. But as one recent review put it, "many designs so far have relied on luck and intuition" (13).…”

Section: Materials Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical metamaterials bend the rules of everyday physics

Powell¹

2018

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Mechanical metamaterials are a relatively recent branch of metamaterial research using motion, deformation, stresses and mechanical energy, and many experts are currently studying this field. Christensen summarized flexible mechanical metamaterials, such as origami‐ and kirigami‐based metamaterials, metamaterials harnessing instabilities and frustration and topological metamaterials . Zheng et al reported a class of ultralight, ultrastiff mechanical metamaterials that maintain a nearly constant stiffness per unit mass density, even at ultralow density .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible 2.5D Metamaterial with High Mechanical Bearing Capacity for Electromagnetic Interference Filters at Microwave Frequency

Zhang

Jiang

et al. 2019

Adv Eng Mater

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Herein, the conception of 2.5D metamaterial is proposed. The basic idea of the 2.5D metamaterial is to build “3D” metamaterial by stacking 2D metasurfaces layer‐by‐layer. In this design, the trapezoidal prism units (3D) is built up by stacking a series of rectangle units (2D) together. This means, in the conception of 2.5D metamaterial, any kind of 3D structure with complex geometrical shape can be easily built up by controlling the 2D shape in each layer, which provide a new way for the fabrication of 3D complex units. Furthermore, paper is chosen as the substrate of 2D layer, because the interconnected lignocellulosic microfibers in paper will not only bring in flexibility to the 2.5D metamaterial but also strong mechanical strength. The results show that the 2.5D metamaterial still maintain a good filtering performance at 11 GHz when the pressure loading rise up to 7 MPa, whereas the classic 3D metamaterial (built by copper‐clad plate) undergoes a fracture failure. The conception and demonstration of 2.5D metamaterial with high mechanical property not only overcome the lacking of the basic structural carrying capacity in 3D electromagnetic metamaterial but also give new idea to the design of multifunctional metamaterial.

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“…Metamaterial, composed of periodically building blocks, exhibits preferred properties that differ from regular material. In the past decades, metamaterial shows unusual properties in some fields such as acoustic and thermal application . Recently, mechanical metamaterial is an emerging research field and some fancy metamaterial designs are proposed, which are inspired by wave‐based metamaterials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Heaviside function‐based density representation algorithm for truss‐like buckling‐induced mechanism design

Deng

2019

Numerical Meth Engineering

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Summary Motivated by key advances in manufacturing techniques, the tailoring of materials to achieve novel properties such as energy dissipation properties has been the focus of active research in engineering and materials science over the past decade. The goal of material design is to determine the optimal spatial layout to achieve a desired macroscopic constitutive response. However, the manufacturing abilities are the key factors to constrain the feasible design space, eg, minimum length and geometry complexity. Traditional density‐based method, where each element works as a variable, always results in complicated geometry with large number of small intricate features. To address the aforementioned challenges, a new density field representation technique, named, Heaviside function‐based geometric representation algorithm, is proposed in this paper, where density field is represented by truss‐like components. Truss‐like components have less control parameters and easier to handle for sensitivities derivation, especially for distance sensitivities. Using bar components to explicitly represent density field can explore design space effectively and generate simple structures without any intricate small features at borders. Furthermore, this density representation method is mesh independent and design variables are reduced significantly so that optimization problem can be solved efficiently using small‐scale optimization algorithm, eg, sequential quadratic programming. However, finding a reasonable initial component distribution is critical to avoid optimization failure. To overcome this difficulty, a jump‐start method is proposed by solving inverse subproblem. The overall optimization progress is divided into three stages, ie, the first stage is obtaining coarse snap‐through material configuration based on traditional density‐based method; the second stage is an inverse optimization problem to fit the geometry component to the solution obtained in stage I; and the stage III is maximizing the energy dissipation capacity. To demonstrate the powerful ability in design buckling‐induced mechanism of the proposed density representation algorithm, buckling‐induced energy dissipation mechanism with snap‐through behavior to achieve the desired energy dissipation capacity considering failure constraint is demonstrated through four numerical examples.

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Flexible mechanical metamaterials

Cited by 1,319 publications

References 112 publications

Mechanical metamaterials bend the rules of everyday physics

Mechanical metamaterials bend the rules of everyday physics

Flexible 2.5D Metamaterial with High Mechanical Bearing Capacity for Electromagnetic Interference Filters at Microwave Frequency

A Heaviside function‐based density representation algorithm for truss‐like buckling‐induced mechanism design

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