Flexible Nanodielectric Materials with High Permittivity for Power Energy Storage

Dang, Zhi‐Min; Yuan, Jinkai; Yao, Sheng‐Hong; Liao, Ruijin

doi:10.1002/adma.201301752

Cited by 1,295 publications

(686 citation statements)

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“…To increase the effective K value of the dielectric polymer, barium titanate nanoparticles (BT NPs, ∼100 nm mean particle size; Fig. 1A) was first introduced into the polymer matrix c-BCB to yield a binary polymer nanocomposite c-BCB/BT, a strategy that is commonly applied in high-K polymer nanocomposites designed for room temperature applications (10,11). To achieve a prominent increase in K with a minimized increase in dielectric loss, we filled c-BCB with 15 vol % BT NPs, a feeding ratio that is right below the threshold of the formation of the connected pathway of filler particles (f c = 16-18 vol % for two-phase random media with spherical inclusions), beyond which electrical conductions and dielectric loss would increase abruptly.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In electric vehicles, as capacitors occupy ∼35% of the inverter volume, a 100% increase in the energy density directly translates to more than 17% reduction in the inverter size. Polymer nanocomposites, consisting of high-K ceramic fillers dispersed in polymer matrix, have been extensively studied toward these ends (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). However, a well-known paradox is that inherently high loss is associated with high-K materials (17).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Sandwich-structured polymer nanocomposites with high energy density and great charge–discharge efficiency at elevated temperatures

Liu

Yang

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

346

202

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The demand for a new generation of high-temperature dielectric materials toward capacitive energy storage has been driven by the rise of high-power applications such as electric vehicles, aircraft, and pulsed power systems where the power electronics are exposed to elevated temperatures. Polymer dielectrics are characterized by being lightweight, and their scalability, mechanical flexibility, high dielectric strength, and great reliability, but they are limited to relatively low operating temperatures. The existing polymer nanocomposite-based dielectrics with a limited energy density at high temperatures also present a major barrier to achieving significant reductions in size and weight of energy devices. Here we report the sandwich structures as an efficient route to high-temperature dielectric polymer nanocomposites that simultaneously possess high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss. In contrast to the conventional single-layer configuration, the rationally designed sandwich-structured polymer nanocomposites are capable of integrating the complementary properties of spatially organized multicomponents in a synergistic fashion to raise dielectric constant, and subsequently greatly improve discharged energy densities while retaining low loss and high charge-discharge efficiency at elevated temperatures. At 150°C and 200 MV m −1 , an operating condition toward electric vehicle applications, the sandwich-structured polymer nanocomposites outperform the state-of-the-art polymer-based dielectrics in terms of energy density, power density, charge-discharge efficiency, and cyclability. The excellent dielectric and capacitive properties of the polymer nanocomposites may pave a way for widespread applications in modern electronics and power modules where harsh operating conditions are present.electrical energy storage | dielectric | polymer nanocomposites | capacitors | high temperature F ilm capacitors store electrical energy in dielectric materials in the form of an electrostatic field between two electrodes. They possess the highest power density (on the order of megawatts) and the best rate capability (on the order of microseconds) among the electrical energy storage devices and are critical for power electronics, power conditioning, and pulsed power applications (1-3). For instance, DC bus capacitors are essential components in the power inverters of electric vehicles for the conversion of direct current to alternating current, which is required to drive the vehicle's motor. Compared with ceramics, polymeric materials offer inherent advantages for capacitors, including their light weight, facile processability, scalability, high breakdown strength, and graceful failure mechanism (1-5). However, dielectric polymers often suffer from low operating temperatures, which fall short of the emerging demands for energy storage and conversion in harsh environments commonly present in automobile, aerospace power systems, and advanced microelectronics (6, 7). For example, to accommodate biaxially oriented polypropylen...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sandwich-structured polymer nanocomposites with high energy density and great charge–discharge efficiency at elevated temperatures

Liu

Yang

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

346

202

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“…The development of high‐energy‐storage‐density devices is of critical importance to meet the ever‐increasing demand for these applications 1, 2. Dielectric materials, which possess high charge–discharge capability to store and release electrical energy through dielectric polarization and depolarization, have attracted immense interest for potential applications in energy storage devices, such as capacitors 3.…”

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confidence: 99%

High Discharge Energy Density at Low Electric Field Using an Aligned Titanium Dioxide/Lead Zirconate Titanate Nanowire Array

et al. 2017

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Polymer‐based capacitors with high energy density have attracted significant attention in recent years due to their wide range of potential applications in electronic devices. However, the obtained high energy density is predominantly dependent on high applied electric field, e.g., 400–600 kV mm−1, which may bring more challenges relating to the failure probability. Here, a simple two‐step method for synthesizing titanium dioxide/lead zirconate titanate nanowire arrays is exploited and a demonstration of their ability to achieve high discharge energy density capacitors for low operating voltage applications is provided. A high discharge energy density of 6.9 J cm−3 is achieved at low electric fields, i.e., 143 kV mm−1, which is attributed to the high relative permittivity of 218.9 at 1 kHz and high polarization of 23.35 µC cm−2 at this electric field. The discharge energy density obtained in this work is the highest known for a ceramic/polymer nanocomposite at such a low electric field. The novel nanowire arrays used in this work are applicable to a wide range of fields, such as energy harvesting, energy storage, and photocatalysis.

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“…Additionally, ceramic/ polymer nanocomposite can be exploited in the development of dielectric-based capacitors for energy storage in novel electronics used in electric vehicles, cellular phones, medical devices, wireless personal digital assistants etc. [17,20]. Embedded nanoinclusions can be considered as a distributed network of nano-capacitors, which can be charged and discharged defining thus an energy storing procedure at the nano-scale level [3,21].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Barium titanate/polyester resin nanocomposites: Development, structure-properties relationship and energy storage capability

Asimakopoulos¹,

Psarras²,

Zoumpoulakis³

2014

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Nanocomposite materials based on two different types of polyester matrix (a commercial type and a laboratory produced one) with embedded barium titanate nano-particles were developed and characterized. Structural and morphological characteristics of the produced composite specimens were studied via X-ray diffraction, Fourier transformation infra red spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Thermal, mechanical and electrical performance was examined via differential scanning calorimetry, bending and shear strength tests, and broadband dielectric spectroscopy, respectively. Mechanical strength appears to reduce with the increase of filler content. Commercial polyester's composites exhibit brittle behaviour, while laboratory polyester's composites exhibit an elastomeric performance. Dielectric data reveal the presence of four relaxation processes, which are attributed to motion of small parts of the polymer chain (!-mode), re-arrangement of polar side groups ("-mode), glass to rubber transition of the polymer matrix (#-mode) and Interfacial Polarization between the systems' constituents. Finally, the energy storing efficiency of the systems was examined by calculating the density of energy. Vol.8, No.9 (2014) 692-707 Available online at www.expresspolymlett.com DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2014.72 * Corresponding author, e-mail: G.C.Psarras@upatras.gr © BME-PT An outstanding position in the group of electroceramics is given to composite materials based on barium titanate. Barium titanate is a wide band gap semiconductive ferroelectric material with perovskite structure which has been of practical importance for over 60 years due to its specific electrical properties. Barium titanate's great significance is expressed in its applications, which include ceramic capacitors, PTCR thermistors (positive temperature coefficient resistors/thermistors or posistors), piezoelectric sensors, optoelectronic devices, transducers, actuators etc. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Furthermore, it is being applied as a capacitive material in dynamic random access memories (DRAM) in integrated circuits. DRAM applications require both high dielectric constant and good insulating properties [10]. Semiconductor memories such as dynamic random access memories (DRAM's) and static random access memories (SRAM's) currently dominate the market. However, the disadvantage of these memories is that they are volatile, i.e. the stored information is lost when the power fails. The non-volatile memories available at this time include complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) with battery backup and electrically erasable read only memories (EEPROM's). These non-volatile memories are very expensive. The main advantages offered by ferroelectric random access memories (FRAM's) include non-volatility and radiation hardened compatibility with CMOS and GaAs circuitry, high speed (30ns cycle time for read/erase/rewrite) and high density (4 (µm) 2 /cell size) [11]. Up to now, the most important utility of BaTiO 3 / polymer composites is ...

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Flexible Nanodielectric Materials with High Permittivity for Power Energy Storage

Cited by 1,295 publications

References 244 publications

Sandwich-structured polymer nanocomposites with high energy density and great charge–discharge efficiency at elevated temperatures

Sandwich-structured polymer nanocomposites with high energy density and great charge–discharge efficiency at elevated temperatures

High Discharge Energy Density at Low Electric Field Using an Aligned Titanium Dioxide/Lead Zirconate Titanate Nanowire Array

Barium titanate/polyester resin nanocomposites: Development, structure-properties relationship and energy storage capability

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