Flexible piezoelectric cum‐ electromagnetic ‐absorbing multifunctional nanocomposites based on electrospun poly (vinylidene fluoride) incorporated with synthesized porous core‐shell nanoparticles

Abstract

Flexibility, protection against harmful electromagnetic (EM) waves, and mimicking movement patterns of human beings are among the most required features of advanced textiles. In this regard, the present study was conducted to investigate the possibility of producing flexible, piezoelectric, and EM-sensitive multifunctional nanofibers. Porous core-shell Fe 3 O 4 @MnO 2 Nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized and dispersed in poly (vinylidene fluoride) through solution mixing methods in different concentrations. Then, nanofibers were prepared by the electrospinning technique. Extensive characterizations including morphological, structural, piezoelectric response, and EM wave absorbance tests were performed on both synthesized NPs and electrospun mats. The effects of filler content, piezoelectric dimension, and test dynamic condition on the output voltage of the piezoelectric generator were also assessed. FTIR and XRD investigations respectively showed that the β phase content increased up to 10% and 7% in presence of 4% NPs that led to an increase of up to 105% in piezoelectric response (up to 23.5 V). Output voltages increased linearly with slopes of 2.83, 1.92, 0.55, 0.306, and 0.086 by increasing the NP content, frequency, piezoelectric area, force, and thickness, respectively. The results of the study indicated that produced nanofibers can absorb significant EM waves in addition to showing high piezoelectric response.

On PVDF composite as partially absorbable smart implants

“…These results are in line with observations made by other investigators. 22,23 Figure 5 shows the DSC analysis for PVDF composites (sample S1-S4). Based on Figure 5, it has been ascertained that the crystallinity data of the PVDF composites (as per thermal analysis) is in line with morphological, XRD, and FTIR analysis.…”

Core–shell nanostructures for better thermoelectrics

“…56 These core-shell structures possess multifunctional properties through integrating two different materials into one entity. Therefore, they are widely studied and used in various applications such as catalysis, [58][59][60][61][62][63] electronics, 64,65 biomedical applications, [66][67][68] photoluminescence, [69][70][71][72] sensors, 73 piezo-electrics, 74,75 magnetic applications, [76][77][78] energy storage, 79,80 solar cells, [81][82][83] and CO 2 capture. [84][85][86] Core-shell materials offer additional electronic modifications due to band-edge alignment at the interface between the core and shell.…”

Development of a Sustainable and Flexible Piezoelectric-cum-Triboelectric Energy Harvester Comprising a Simple Commodity Cotton Fabric

“…Piezoelectric materials are broadly classified into three categories, namely, inorganic (metal oxide-based), organic (polymer-based), and composite (combination of inorganic and polymer materials). Most useable piezoelectric materials are lead zirconate titanate (PZT), barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ), zinc stannate (ZnSnO 3 ), poly (vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF), PVDF/PZT, and so on. − Recently, the synergistic effect of fillers is also being explored to enhance the energy-harvesting capabilities of PVDF. − …”