Flexible quantum dot light-emitting diodes for next-generation displays

Choi, Moon Kee; Yang, Jiwoong; Hyeon, Taeghwan; Kim, Dae‐Hyeong

doi:10.1038/s41528-018-0023-3

Cited by 311 publications

(226 citation statements)

References 159 publications

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“…Although inorganic LEDs show higher brightness (10 6 –10 8 cd m −2 ) than OLEDs (≤10 4 cd m −2 ) at lower operating voltages (<2 V), the thick and brittle active layers (several micrometers) can block their flexibility. The limited scaling capability can also impede the realization of high‐resolution displays …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Printable Semiconductors for Backplane TFTs of Flexible OLED Displays

Zhu

Shin

Liu

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

165

130

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Studies on printable semiconductors and technologies have increased rapidly over recent decades, pioneering novel applications in many fields, such as energy, sensing, logic circuits, and information displays. The newest display technologies are already turning to metal oxide semiconductors, i.e., indium gallium zinc oxide, for the improvements needed to drive active matrix organic light-emitting diodes. Convenience and portability will be realized with flexible and wearable displays in the future. This report summarizes recent progress on the development of solution-processed thin film transistors, especially those deposited at low temperatures for next-generation flexible smart displays. The first part provides an overview on the history and current status of displays. Then, recent advances in state-of-the-art solution-processed transistors based on different semiconductors are presented, including metal oxides, organic materials, perovskites, and carbon nanotubes. Finally, conclusions are drawn and the remaining challenges and future perspectives are discussed. a large common cathode (opaque metal). This means that the light emission goes through the backplane and the TFT arrays are able to block the light, resulting in the reduced emission fill factor of the display. This mode is also called bottom emission. One effective way to avoid the light obstruction from TFTs in the backplane is to use top-emitting OLEDs, which have a transparent cathode. [2] In 2004, Pennsylvania State University demonstrated the first flexible phosphorescent AMOLED display with hydrogenated amorphous silicon on a 4 in. polyimide (PI) substrate. [7] One year later, a 48 × 48 organic pentacene TFT-driven AMOLED display on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate was reported by the same group. [8] In 2005, by employing a top-emission structure, researchers at Sony Corp. demonstrated the first full-color imaging on a flexible AMOLED with a pixel resolution of 80 ppi. [9] In 2013, Samsung Electronics showed curved OLED TVs for the first time. Two years later, the same company unveiled a smartphone with a curved edge display (Galaxy S6 Edge), which used touch sensors to improve the user interface and device design. Most recently, LG Display succeeded in developing the world's first large-size 77 in. transparent and flexible OLED display, which could be rolled up to a radius of 80 mm. [10] The ideal flexible AMOLED backplane should be robust, rollable/bendable, capable of complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) operation, and should lend itself to low-cost manufacturing. To advance toward next-generation flexible AMOLED displays, two key technological goals should be satisfied during fabrication. One is to develop TFT backplanes with good uniformity, stability, and electrical performance. Amorphous silicon (a-Si) TFTs are well known for their uniform electrical characteristics (µ FE < 1 cm 2 V −1 s −1 and I on /I off > 10 6 ) and have achieved great success in flat-panel LCD displays. However, the relatively low µ FE and the lig...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Printable Semiconductors for Backplane TFTs of Flexible OLED Displays

Zhu

Shin

Liu

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

165

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…They have promising applications in solar cell, light emitting diodes (LEDs), sensors, fluorescent probes, biolabeling, and anticounterfeiting . For example, QDs‐based LEDs, so called QLEDs, exhibit longer photoluminescence (PL) lifetime and higher thermal stability than organic light emitting diodes and, therefore, have been applied in the latest generation of displays . However, currently used QLEDs, for example, in flat‐screen televisions apply CdSe‐based QDs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] For example, QDs-based LEDs, so called QLEDs, exhibit longer photoluminescence (PL) lifetime and higher thermal stability than organic light emitting diodes 13 and, therefore, have been applied in the latest generation of displays. 14,15 However, currently used QLEDs, for example, in flat-screen televisions apply CdSe-based QDs. In spite of their excellent performance, concerns are growing due to the toxicity of Cd, especially when applying them in flexible/wearable displays.…”

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confidence: 99%

Neural network modeling and simulation of the synthesis of CuInS₂/ZnS quantum dots

Mrziglod

Luan

et al. 2020

Engineering Reports

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The development of recipes for synthesis of quantum dots (QDs), a novel semiconductor material for application in optoelectronic devices, is currently purely based on experiments. Since the quality of QDs represented by quantum yield (QY) and emission peak strongly depends on a number of different parameters (route, precursors, conditions, etc), a large number of experiments is necessary. In this article, we show that data‐driven modeling can be used as a supporting tool for optimization and a better understanding of the synthesis process. By using the results collected during the development of CuInS2/ZnS (CIS/ZnS) QDs, a neural network model has been established. The model is able to predict the optical properties (QY and emission peak) of CIS/ZnS QDs as a function of the most important synthesis parameters, such as reaction temperature, time of CIS core formation and ZnS shell growth, feed molar ratio of Cu/In and Zn/Cu, various starting precursors, and types of ligands. Finally, a model analysis under various effects influencing the quality of QDs is performed.

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“…QDs are also a promising new candidate for use as an emissive material in electroluminescence devices for display applications. Quantum dot light‐emitting diodes (QLEDs) have advantages in color quality and stability especially when the fabrication of such devices was solution processing . This allows for a considerable reduction in manufacturing expenditures and is therefore very attractive for industrial purposes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Next Stage in Colloidal Synthesis of Aqueous CdSe Quantum Dots: High Throughput and Intense Emissive Properties

et al. 2019

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Quantum dots (QDs) of CdSe have been produced with high yield using common reagents in water at 150 °C. The QDs thus produced are water compatible, show intense fluorescence emission and have high quantum yields (QYs). Their size can be controlled similarly to the high temperature organometallic method of synthesizing QDs, and these QDs produced in organic solvents at high temperature and the QDs produced in water both show comparable QYs. The great advantage is that a green solvent, water, is used and their separation from the water is very simple. They can be stored dry very easily. Similar to the organic method their size can be controlled by time, producing QDs with distinct fluorescence. The size obtained by TEM for 30, 60 and 90 minutes of reaction is 4.18 nm, 6.7 nm and 8.6 nm, respectively. This parallels the change in the emission wavelength of the QDs produced; green, yellow and orange, respectively. TEM dimensions are very similar to these of DLS (dynamic light scattering). These QDs display the hexagonal wurtzite phase, common for the higher temperature synthesis of QDs in organic solvents, and not the zinc blende phase of CdSe QDs common for the lower temperature water synthesis of QDs. The prepared QDs have shown the same intense emission for over a year after being synthesized.

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Flexible quantum dot light-emitting diodes for next-generation displays

Cited by 311 publications

References 159 publications

Printable Semiconductors for Backplane TFTs of Flexible OLED Displays

Printable Semiconductors for Backplane TFTs of Flexible OLED Displays

Neural network modeling and simulation of the synthesis of CuInS₂/ZnS quantum dots

The Next Stage in Colloidal Synthesis of Aqueous CdSe Quantum Dots: High Throughput and Intense Emissive Properties

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Flexible quantum dot light-emitting diodes for next-generation displays

Cited by 311 publications

References 159 publications

Printable Semiconductors for Backplane TFTs of Flexible OLED Displays

Printable Semiconductors for Backplane TFTs of Flexible OLED Displays

Neural network modeling and simulation of the synthesis of CuInS2/ZnS quantum dots

The Next Stage in Colloidal Synthesis of Aqueous CdSe Quantum Dots: High Throughput and Intense Emissive Properties

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Neural network modeling and simulation of the synthesis of CuInS₂/ZnS quantum dots