Flexible-spacer incorporated polymer donors enable superior blend miscibility for high-performance and mechanically-robust polymer solar cells

Lee, Jin‐Woo; Jeong, Dahyun; Kim, Dong Jun; Phan, Tan Ngoc‐Lan; Park, Jin Su; Kim, Taek‐Soo; Kim, Bumjoon J.

doi:10.1039/d1ee01062j

Cited by 122 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Subsequently, the DSC thermograms during the first heating/cooling cycles were monitored to directly interpret the crystalline properties of the films. [ 24 ] P(NDIMTEG‐T) exhibited the highest melting enthalpy (Δ H m ) and crystallization enthalpy (Δ H c ) values of 13.9 and 8.2 J g −1 , respectively, slightly exceeding those of P(NDIDEG‐T), having symmetric side chains with the same EG content. Meanwhile, P(NDIDTEG‐T) and P(NDITEG‐T) with the larger EG content resulted in significantly lower Δ H m and Δ H c values compared with those of P(NDIMTEG‐T) and P(NDIDEG‐T) (Table 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Performance n‐Type Organic Electrochemical Transistors Enabled by Aqueous Solution Processing of Amphiphilicity‐Driven Polymer Assembly

Jeong

Lee

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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Despite the growing attention on organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs), most research has focused on the design of p-type active materials, and the number of high-performance n-type materials is limited. Herein, a series of naphthalene diimide-based polymers incorporated with asymmetrically branched oligo(ethylene glycol) (OEG) side chains are developed to enable green-solvent-processed, high-performance n-type OECTs. The branched OEG side chains afford sufficient solubility in eco-friendly ethanol/water solvent mixtures. Importantly, taking advantage of the amphiphilic nature of OEGbased polymers, ethanol/water solvents selectively solvate hydrophilic OEG side chains, while producing assembled π−π stacks of hydrophobic backbones. This enables highly ordered polymer packing with a preferential edge-on orientation, and thus excellent lateral charge transport. In particular, the fine-tuned OEG side chains of P(NDIMTEG-T) provide compact backbone packing, effective polaron generation, and superior electrochemical stability with optimized swelling capability. The resultant n-type OECT shows the best electrical/ electrochemical performance in the family, represented by a high transconductance (g m ) of 0.38 S cm −1 and a large figure-of-merit (µC*) of 0.56 F V −1 cm −1 s −1 .This study demonstrates the use of aqueous processing in OECTs, for the first time, and suggests important guidelines for the design of n-type organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors with excellent OECT characteristics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Performance n‐Type Organic Electrochemical Transistors Enabled by Aqueous Solution Processing of Amphiphilicity‐Driven Polymer Assembly

Jeong

Lee

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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“…[ 1–4 ] Conjugated polymers (CPs) are promising materials for flexible gas sensors owing to their superior optoelectrical properties, mechanical resilience, and facile solution processability compared to the conventional materials. [ 5–7 ] The sensing performances (i.e., sensitivity, selectivity, reversibility, limit of detection (LOD), cycling stability, and reliability) of CPs are typically determined by the electrical modulations in the CP films during interaction with the target analytes. [ 8,9 ] CPs consist of alternating single and double bonds, which provide delocalized π electrons ( π ‐conjugations) along the backbone and allow fast charge transport.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Performance, Flexible NO₂ Chemiresistors Achieved by Design of Imine‐Incorporated n‐Type Conjugated Polymers

et al. 2022

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Flexible and mechanically robust gas sensors are the key technologies for wearable and implantable electronics. Herein, the authors demonstrate the high-performance, flexible nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) chemiresistors using a series of n-type conjugated polymers (CPs: PNDIT2/IM-x) and a polymer dopant (poly(ethyleneimine), PEI). Imine double bonds (C = N) are incorporated into the backbones of the CPs with different imine contents (x) to facilitate strong and selective interactions with NO 2 . The PEI provides doping stability, enhanced electrical conductivity, and flexibility. As a result, the NO 2 sensors with PNDIT2/IM-0.1 and PEI (1:1 by weight ratio) exhibit outstanding sensing performances, such as excellent sensitivity (𝚫R/R b = 240% @ 1 ppm), ultralow detection limit (0.1 ppm), high selectivity (𝚫R/R b < 8% @ 1 ppm of interfering analytes), and high stability, thereby outperforming other state-of-the-art CP-based chemiresistors. Furthermore, the thin film of PNDIT2/IM-0.1 and PEI blend is stretchable and mechanically robust, providing excellent flexibility to the NO 2 sensors. Our study contributes to the rational design of high-performance flexible gas sensors.

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“…6). 71,72 The domain spacing and relative domain purities (proportional to the square root of integrated scattering intensities) of each blend film were estimated (Table S5†). 73,74 Before thermal annealing, the P3HT : CPDT–ICMe blends showed a broad, weak peak with a domain spacing of 69.8 nm ( q = 0.009 Å −1 ) and the P3HT : ZY-4Cl did not show any distinct scattering peaks.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient, thermally stable poly(3-hexylthiophene)-based organic solar cells achieved by non-covalently fused-ring small molecule acceptors

Han

Kim

et al. 2022

J. Mater. Chem. A

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Flexible-spacer incorporated polymer donors enable superior blend miscibility for high-performance and mechanically-robust polymer solar cells

Abstract: Developing polymer solar cells (PSCs) with high photovoltaic performance and mechanical robustness is one of the most urgent tasks to ensure their operational reliability and applicability in wearable devices. However,...

Cited by 122 publications

References 81 publications

High‐Performance n‐Type Organic Electrochemical Transistors Enabled by Aqueous Solution Processing of Amphiphilicity‐Driven Polymer Assembly

High‐Performance n‐Type Organic Electrochemical Transistors Enabled by Aqueous Solution Processing of Amphiphilicity‐Driven Polymer Assembly

High‐Performance, Flexible NO₂ Chemiresistors Achieved by Design of Imine‐Incorporated n‐Type Conjugated Polymers

Efficient, thermally stable poly(3-hexylthiophene)-based organic solar cells achieved by non-covalently fused-ring small molecule acceptors

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Flexible-spacer incorporated polymer donors enable superior blend miscibility for high-performance and mechanically-robust polymer solar cells

Abstract: Developing polymer solar cells (PSCs) with high photovoltaic performance and mechanical robustness is one of the most urgent tasks to ensure their operational reliability and applicability in wearable devices. However,...

Cited by 122 publications

References 81 publications

High‐Performance n‐Type Organic Electrochemical Transistors Enabled by Aqueous Solution Processing of Amphiphilicity‐Driven Polymer Assembly

High‐Performance n‐Type Organic Electrochemical Transistors Enabled by Aqueous Solution Processing of Amphiphilicity‐Driven Polymer Assembly

High‐Performance, Flexible NO2 Chemiresistors Achieved by Design of Imine‐Incorporated n‐Type Conjugated Polymers

Efficient, thermally stable poly(3-hexylthiophene)-based organic solar cells achieved by non-covalently fused-ring small molecule acceptors

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Product

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High‐Performance, Flexible NO₂ Chemiresistors Achieved by Design of Imine‐Incorporated n‐Type Conjugated Polymers