Flexible, stable, and easily processable optical silicones for low loss polymer waveguides

Swatowski, Brandon W.; Amb, Chad M.; Breed, Sarah K.; DeShazer, David J.; Weidner, W. Ken; Dangel, R.; Meier, Norbert; Offrein, Bert Jan

doi:10.1117/12.2007419

Cited by 34 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This overview paper is an extended and more detailed description of the work summarized in our Photonics West 2013 paper [1] entitled "Flexible, Stable and Easily Processable Optical Silicones for Low Loss Polymer Waveguides. "…”

Section: B Motivation For Flexible Waveguidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Versatile Polymer Waveguide Flex Technology for Use in Optical Interconnects

Dangel

Horst

Jubin

et al. 2013

J. Lightwave Technol.

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We report on the implementation of novel flexible polymer waveguide interconnects. They are based on newly developed mechanically flexible low-loss silicone waveguides. In addition to meeting the generic requirements of rigid waveguide interconnects, several flex-material challenges were mastered: a) mechanical flexibility permitting waveguide flexing down to radii of 1.0 mm without cracking; b) minimization of waveguide curling induced by the CTE mismatch between flex substrates and polymer layers to enable assembly and connectorization; c) greatly improved cladding adhesion on standard PCB flex substrates, such as polyimide; and d) high environmental stability despite the reduced polymer cross-linking required for better mechanical flexibility. The new waveguides exhibit excellent stability in damp heat (2000 h in 85 • C/85% rH) and under thermal shock (500 cycles from -40 • to +120 • C), and lead-free solder reflow up to 260 • C. Using the newly engineered "Dow Corning WG-1017 Optical Waveguide Clad Dev Sample" and the established "Dow Corning WG-1010 Optical Waveguide Core", we were able to develop a manufacturing process suitable for large areas and offering high process control and stability to produce waveguides having optical loss values of less than 0.05 dB/cm at 850 nm VCSEL wavelength and fulfilling requirements (a) to (d) above. We describe this manufacturing process and how we have overcome the material challenges mentioned. Furthermore, we present characterization and manufacturing results, show demonstrators, and outline the potential of flexible waveguides as versatile electro-optic assembly platform.

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Section: B Motivation For Flexible Waveguidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Versatile Polymer Waveguide Flex Technology for Use in Optical Interconnects

Dangel

Horst

Jubin

et al. 2013

J. Lightwave Technol.

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“…Also polymer materials for fabrication of flexible planar optical waveguides appeared to be a good choice for their excellent optical properties such as their high transparency from visible to infra-red wavelengths, well-controlled refractive indices, reasonable temporal and temperature stability, low optical losses, easy fabrication process and low costs [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Substrates play a key role for photonics devices, therefore integration of optical waveguides and opto-electronic components onto transparent paper and flexible foils introduces a new concept of optical interconnection and flexibility into the on-board optical communications [14], [15]. Also over the past few years the demand for flexible substrates and the applications in which these flexible printed circuit boards are being used has been constantly growing [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of Siloxane Based Optical Waveguides Deposited on Transparent Paper and Foil

Prajzler

Hyps²,

Mastera³

et al. 2016

RADIOENGINEERING

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“…As the adsorption of proteins by a polymer substrate is usually a precursor step to the attachment of cells, the biocompatibility of polymers in this work is evaluated by detection of a fluorescent antibody. [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of optical properties and biocompatibility of polymer materials for microfluidic applications

Fanous

Ozhikandathil

Bădilescu

et al. 2015

2015 Photonics North

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Microfluidic technologieshave become increasingly effective for diagnostic, physiological, and biochemical applications. The biocompatibility of MEMS devices, which are evolving rapidly in their practicality, has become the paramount property to investigate and optimize through biological and optical testing. Potential applications comprise cell culture, biosensing, immunoisolation, bioparticle sorting, and biomaterial synthesis. In this work we undertake the study of various polymer and nanocomposite materials, such as cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), SU-8, polycarbonate (PC) and polystyrene (PS). After the polymer is adequately functionalized, tagged antibodies are attached to the polymer films and, then, the corresponding antigens are brought in contact with the antibodies. The work is novel and complements the contemporary research involving other methods to evaluate the biocompatibility, such as for example, cell culture. The affinity of antibodies toward the polymer is evaluated by the amount of attached antibodies measured by fluorescence spectroscopy.

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Flexible, stable, and easily processable optical silicones for low loss polymer waveguides

Cited by 34 publications

References 13 publications

Development of Versatile Polymer Waveguide Flex Technology for Use in Optical Interconnects

Development of Versatile Polymer Waveguide Flex Technology for Use in Optical Interconnects

Properties of Siloxane Based Optical Waveguides Deposited on Transparent Paper and Foil

Evaluation of optical properties and biocompatibility of polymer materials for microfluidic applications

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