Flexural behaviour of wood beams strengthened by flax-glass hybrid FRP subjected to hygrothermal and weathering exposures

Huang, Shang-Ming; Yan, Libo; Kasal, Bohumil

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.130076

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Sokołowski and Kossakowski [ 20 ] conducted research on reinforcing solid wooden beams with PBO fiber meshes, achieving a significant increase in load-bearing capacity with a relatively small increase in stiffness. Huang et al [ 21 ] analyzed the influence of atmospheric and hydrothermal factors on the behavior of LVL beams with a hybrid glass-flax composite, observing a decrease in bending strength with an increase in beam ductility. Strzelecka et al [ 22 ] conducted theoretical and numerical studies on the use of composite steel-veneer beams consisting of a steel section and an LVL plate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical, Theoretical, and Experimental Analysis of LVL-CFRP Sandwich Structure

Bakalarz,

Kossakowski

2023

Materials

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Optimization of structural elements via composition of different components is a significant scientific and practical point-of-view problem aimed at obtaining more economical and environmentally friendly solutions. This paper presents the results of a static work analysis of small-size laminated veneer lumber (LVL) beams reinforced by a Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) sheet. The nominal dimensions of LVL beams were 45 × 45 × 850 mm, and 0.333- and 0.666-mm thick reinforcement layers were used. The reinforcement was applied on opposite sides of the cross section obtaining a sandwich-type structure. An epoxy resin was used as a bonding layer. The bending tests were conducted in the so-called four-point bending static scheme in edgewise and flatwise conditions. The results of experimental tests confirmed the validity of this combination of materials. The highest load-bearing capacity was obtained for configuration, where CFRP sheets with a thickness of 0.666 mm were placed on the sides of the core, parallel to the direction of loading and the veneer’s grain in the core. The increase in this case was up to a maximum of 57% compared to the core alone. The highest bending stiffness increase, 182% compared to the core alone, involves placing two layers of sheets perpendicular to the direction of loading, i.e., on the upper and lower surfaces. The presented novel sandwich structure can be competitive against traditional steel and reinforced concrete elements in civil engineering and can be utilized as beams or slabs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical, Theoretical, and Experimental Analysis of LVL-CFRP Sandwich Structure

Bakalarz,

Kossakowski

2023

Materials

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“…The modified Burgers model was used to fit the creep behavior of LVL under different loads, and the fitting curve was highly correlated with the experimental curves (R 2 up to 0.999). The investigation into the deformation rate of LVL revealed that the creep deformation rate slowly decreases with time, after rapid deformation in the early stage (0-5 min), demonstrating a nonlinear process of creep deformation in LVL [28,35]. Figure 3b Figure 4 shows the stress/strain curves of LVL under edge-wise bending and the corresponding creep curves under 30%, 40%, and 50% of the ultimate strength.…”

Section: Creep Behaviors Of Lvl Subjected To Various Loading Regimesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Observation of Creep Strain Distribution in Laminated Veneer Lumber Subjected to Different Loading Regimes

Xu,

Cao,

Cao

et al. 2024

Forests

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Timber architectures have arisen as sustainable solutions for high-rise and long-span buildings, assisting in implementing a circular economy. The creep strain dissipation of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) was investigated in this work to understand the inherent creep behaviors of LVL derived from natural wood. The results demonstrated a significant loading regime dependency of the creep behaviors of LVL. Coupled creep strain dissipation that transits/is parallel to the wood–adhesive interface was proven in the creep deformation of flat-wise and edge-wise bent LVL. In contrast, the creep strain dissipated considerably along the wood–adhesive interface when the LVL was subjected to axial compression creep. Further investigation into the morphologies of LVL after creep revealed that direct contact between the loading plane and wood–adhesive interface could be a plausible trigger for the accelerated deformation and the resultant plastic deformation of the LVL after creep. We believe that this work provides essential insights into the creep strain dissipation of LVL. It is thus beneficial for improving creep resistance and assisting in the long-term safe application of LVL-based engineered wood products in timber architectures.

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“…Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) is predominantly used for civil reinforcement applications [48] due to its strength. Particularly carbon FRP [49], glass FRP [50], and basalt FRP [51,52] are mainly used for civil applications, while scholars and researchers are also working on the natural FRP [53,54] or hybrid FRP [55], extensively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Retrofitting Solutions: Evaluating the Performance of Jute Fiber Nets and Composite Mortar in Natural Fiber Textile Reinforced Mortars

Majumder,

Stochino,

Frattolillo

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Sustainable building materials for integrated (structural and thermal) retrofitting are the need of the hour to retrofit/upgrade the seismic vulnerable and ill-insulated existing building stocks. At the same time, the use of natural fibers and their recyclability could help construct safer and more sustainable buildings. This paper presents three aspects of jute fiber products: (1) the evaluation of the mechanical performance of the jute nets (2.5 cm × 2.5 cm and 2.5 cm and 1.25 cm mesh configurations) through tensile strength tests (with the aim for these to be used in upgrading masonry wall with natural fiber textile reinforced mortars (NFTRM) systems); (2) the hundred percentage recyclability of left-over jute fibers (collected during the net fabrication and failed nets post-tensile strength tests) for the composite mortar preparation; (3) and the evaluation of insulation capacity of the recycled jute net fiber composite mortar (RJNFCM) through thermal conductivity (TC) measurements, when a maximum amount of 12.5% of recycled jute fiber could be added in the mortar mixture at laboratory conditions and with available instruments Notably, when more than the said amount was used, the fiber–mortar bonding was found to be not optimal for the composite mortar preparation. These studies have been carried out considering these products’ applicability for integrated retrofitting purposes. It has been found that the denser mesh configuration (2.5 cm × 1.25 cm) is 35.80% stiffer than the other net configurations (2.5 cm × 2.5 cm). Also, the mesh configuration (2.5 cm × 1.25 cm) shows about 60% more capability to absorb strain energy. TC tests have demonstrated the moderate insulation capacity of these composite mortar samples, and the TC values obtained from the tests range from 0.110 (W/mK) to 0.121 (W/mK).

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Flexural behaviour of wood beams strengthened by flax-glass hybrid FRP subjected to hygrothermal and weathering exposures

Cited by 14 publications

References 38 publications

Numerical, Theoretical, and Experimental Analysis of LVL-CFRP Sandwich Structure

Numerical, Theoretical, and Experimental Analysis of LVL-CFRP Sandwich Structure

The Observation of Creep Strain Distribution in Laminated Veneer Lumber Subjected to Different Loading Regimes

Sustainable Retrofitting Solutions: Evaluating the Performance of Jute Fiber Nets and Composite Mortar in Natural Fiber Textile Reinforced Mortars

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