Flexural strength and microhardness of bulk‐fill restorative materials

Mendonça, Beatriz Curvello de; Soto‐Montero, Jorge; Castro, Eduardo Fernandes de; Pecorari, Vanessa Gallego Arias; Giannini, Marcelo

doi:10.1111/jerd.12727

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The number of studies on DC and mechanical properties of dual-cure bulk-fill composites is increasing in the literature (22)(23)(24). In this study, the first null hypothesis, that the DC does not significantly decrease as the increment thickness increases, was rejected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Depth of Cure, Mechanical Properties and Morphology of Dual-Cure Bulk-Fill Composites

Güngör

Durmuş

Kurt

et al. 2022

Odovtos - Int J Dent Sc

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This study evaluated selected structural and physical properties, such as degree of conversion (DC), Vickers hardness (VHN), and compression strength (CS), of three new dual-cure bulk-fill resin-based composites (RBCs; ACTIVA, HyperFIL, and Fill-Up) and compared them to those of a conventional RBC (Filtek Z250) at three clinically relevant depths. Samples (n=180) were prepared in three depths (2,4, and 6mm). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and VHN and CS tests were performed. The DC value was calculated by considering the relative change in the aliphatic C=C peaks. The fractured surfaces of representative samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were statistically evaluated using two-way analysis of variance and post hoc Bonferroni tests (p<0.05). According to the VHN results, Filtek Z250 showed the highest bottom/top hardness ratio (97.94±1.01) at 2mm thickness and ACTIVA showed the lowest bottom/top hardness ratio (43.48±5.64) at 6mm thickness (p<0.001). According to the FTIR results, the DC decreased with increasing thickness in all materials (p<0.05). Filtek Z250 showed the highest (301±12.4 MPa) and ACTIVA exhibited the lowest (232±17.2 MPa) CS values at 2mm thickness (p<0.05). The lowest CS values were obtained for ACTIVA, and the highest values were obtained for Filtek Z250 for samples with thicknesses of 4 and 6mm, respectively (p<0.05). The structural features of restorative composites, such as the resin chemistry and filler type and content, and the operational parameters (i.e., material thickness and curing conditions) strongly affect crosslinking reactions and thus the DC, VHN, and CS values.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Depth of Cure, Mechanical Properties and Morphology of Dual-Cure Bulk-Fill Composites

Güngör

Durmuş

Kurt

et al. 2022

Odovtos - Int J Dent Sc

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“…Bulk fill resins may present modified resin matrix and light-activation system, increased filler size and/or reduced amount of pigments/opacifiers. Despite this modification reducing the material's mechanical properties, 29,30 it is also responsible for increasing the depth of light penetration (i.e., translucency), improving the material's depth of cure. [31][32][33] Due to the increased translucency, bulk fill composites may show slight differences in color, which could be a problem in some esthetic regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The stamp technique for direct restoration in a ICDAS 4 carious lesion: A 4‐year follow‐up

Vertuan

Mosquim

Guimarães

et al. 2022

J Esthet Restor Dent

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Objective This case report described the use of a stamping technique associated with a bulk fill composite to restore an ICDAS 4 carious lesion on a posterior tooth. The 4‐year follow‐up is also presented. Clinical Considerations A 32‐year‐old patient presented a carious lesion on tooth 36 with an underlying dark shadow at the dentin seen from the noncavitated enamel occlusal surface, which was compatible with an ICDAS 4 carious lesion. The lesion was radiographically detected and the caries disease was treated with dietary and hygiene habits orientations. Before accessing the lesion and selectively removing the carious tissue, an occlusal stamp was made by applying a flowable resin composite to copy the anatomy of the noncavitated enamel surface. The cavity was restored using a bulk fill resin composite (Opus Bulk Fill, FGM) with 4‐mm‐thick increments. Before curing the last increment, a Teflon band was adapted at the uncured bulk fill composite surface and the occlusal stamp made with the flowable composite was pressed against it to reproduce the natural characteristics and initial occlusal anatomy. The top surface was light‐activated for 40 s. After 4 years, small wear could be seen in the restoration, but still within clinically acceptable levels. Conclusion The occlusal stamp technique allows reproduction of the natural anatomy of teeth affected by ICDAS 4 carious lesions with good clinical longevity over 4 years. Clinical Significance This case report presents the use of the stamp technique to restore a tooth affected by an ICDAS 4 lesion, in which a carious process reached the dentin and the enamel anatomy was still preserved. The bulk fill resin composite associated with the occlusal stamp was chosen to quickly restore the cavity with clinical predictability. Bulk fill composites allow the insertion of up to 4‐mm‐thick increments and offer lower shrinkage stress, good clinical longevity and a less time‐consuming procedure in cases of posterior teeth, especially if associated with the stamp technique.

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“…These materials are suitable for light‐curing in layers of 4 mm in 3 s 11,12 . In addition, as a new alternative to provide polymerization in the restoration of deep cavity, bulk fill composite with a dual curing mechanism has been produced 13,14 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 These materials are suitable for light-curing in layers of 4 mm in 3 s. 11,12 In addition, as a new alternative to provide polymerization in the restoration of deep cavity, bulk fill composite with a dual curing mechanism has been produced. 13,14 Although bulk-fill composite resins are mostly preferred for the posterior region due to their content, it is important to preserve their basic esthetic properties. Color stability, surface roughness, surface gloss, and surface microhardness can influence the survival of composite restorations and the dentist's decision to replace the restoration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of color stability and microhardness of contemporary bulk‐fill composite resins with different polymerization properties

Can

Özarslan

2022

J Esthet Restor Dent

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Objectives To determine the color stability and microhardness of three bulk‐fill composites with different polymerization characteristics, after immersion in four different solutions. Materials and Methods Color measurements of three bulk fill (Viscalor (VIS), Tetric PowerFill (TPF), Fill Up! (FUP)) and a microhyrid composite resin (G‐aenial posterior [GCP]) were performed after polymerization. The specimens were immersed in coffee, cola, red wine and distilled water. Discolorations were recorded after 24 h (T1), 10 days (T2) and 30 days (T3) of immersion. ΔE (CIEDE2000) values were calculated. Vickers microhardness (VHN) was measured from top and bottom surfaces at T0 and T3. Data was analyzed with Two‐way ANOVA, One‐way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests. Results The highest discoloration was seen in wine and the lowest in distilled water and cola. At T3, there was no difference in distilled water groups, while the statistically highest ΔE00 were obtained in TPF and GCP in coffee, cola and wine. VIS groups had the highest VHN values at T0 and T3 in all solutions. Conclusions Samples immersed in coffee and wine showed discoloration beyond clinically acceptable limits. After 30 days, discoloration occurred in all materials immersed in all solutions. At T3, VIS microhardness generally decreased, while TPF did not. Clinical Significance After 30 days, all bulk‐fill composites immersed in distilled water, coffee and wine showed clinically unacceptable ΔE00.

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Flexural strength and microhardness of bulk‐fill restorative materials

Cited by 18 publications

References 32 publications

Depth of Cure, Mechanical Properties and Morphology of Dual-Cure Bulk-Fill Composites

Depth of Cure, Mechanical Properties and Morphology of Dual-Cure Bulk-Fill Composites

The stamp technique for direct restoration in a ICDAS 4 carious lesion: A 4‐year follow‐up

Evaluation of color stability and microhardness of contemporary bulk‐fill composite resins with different polymerization properties

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