Flight and Sexual Activity of the European Corn Borer
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Showers, William B.; Reed, G. L.; Robinson, J. F.; Derozari, Manual B.

doi:10.1093/ee/5.6.1099

Cited by 103 publications

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“…We cannot prove there was no inßuence, but the numbers of adults in the aggregation areas were not abnormally high. They were consistent with the numbers of adults sampled in aggregation sites during previous studies (Showers et al 1976, 1980, DeRozari et al 1977, Sappington and Showers 1983a, 1983band Derrick and Showers 1990.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The proper structure (Pleasants and Bitzer 1999) and microclimateÑ cool temperatures and very high humidity (DeRozari et al 1977) needed for matingÑ usually were not present. During midsummer in Iowa, these necessary attributes are furnished by giant foxtail (Showers et al 1976) and to a lesser extent green foxtail and soybeans. Surprisingly, during midsummer after the landscape had closed, if desirable habitats for adult aggregation, such as giant foxtail (60 Ð75 cm in height), were Ͼ100 m (Showers et al 1980) from the release site, few adults settled in them.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During 1988, the height of the vegetation (Showers et al 1976) was measured and habitats with speciÞc distances from the release site were sampled. For release set 1, samples were taken (14 JuneÐ27 June) for two mornings after each of three of the four releases.…”

Section: Laboratory and Iowa Populations 1986 And 1987mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aggregation and Dispersal Behavior of Marked and Released European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Adults

et al. 2001

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To observe the aggregation and dispersal behavior of adult European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hub ner), males in search of mates, two populations were marked, each with a different dye. One population was continuously reared in the laboratory (.5 yr) and the other was collected annually from the Þeld. From 1986 to 1988, marked adults were released in two release sets per year, with three to Þve releases per release set, coinciding with the spring and summer ßights of European corn borer in central Iowa. Traps for recapture contained lures baited with 40 mg of synthetic 97:3 Z:E-11-tetradecenyl acetate. Traplines extended from 200 m to 48 km. Each trap was assigned a compass direction. Males from the laboratory-reared population dispersed similarly to males just 1 generation from the wild. European corn borer males and females dispersed 23Ð49 km and some were recovered 14 km from the release site within 100 min after release. Sampling of aggregation sites demonstrated that on the nights of release, many adults aggregated in adjacent dense vegetation and did not disperse until the following night. Upon dispersal, these adults seemingly moved many meters or kilometers before settling again. Recapture of marked adults at 200 m might have been inßuenced by open landscapes (short, vegetative-growth corn). Recapture at 800 m or beyond, however, was unaffected by open landscapes, and in 1988 a greater proportion of marked males was recaptured while the landscape was closed. (tall, mature-growth corn). In 1987, during the Þrst ßight of European corn borer, displacement to 800 m was southeasterly, south, or west, but during Þrst ßights in 1986 and 1988, displacement to 800mwas predominately northeasterly. During the second ßight in midsummer, displacement to 800 m for all 3 yr of the study also was northeasterly. Recapture results from 1986 suggest that male movement.800mis common. During the Þrst release set (early summer), 37% of the males recaptured ßew 800 m or more and 8% ßew 3.2kmor more. During the second release set (late summer), 51% of the males recaptured ßew 800m or more and 11% ßew 3.2 km or more. The recommendation for placement of nontransgenic corn (Zea mays L.) as refuge in the Corn Belt is a half mile or closer to Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt)-corn if the refuge corn is not sprayed and a quarter mile or closer when the refuge corn is sprayed. Based on the dispersal results from this study, at least in Iowa, a half-mile proximity recommendation should be robust. Studies still should be conducted in other regions, especially where corn is commonly irrigated, to determine whether European corn borer adult movement patterns are similar. During the second ßight in midsummer, displacement to 800 m for all 3 yr of the study also was northeasterly. Recapture results from 1986 suggest that male movement Ͼ800 m is common. During the Þrst release set (early summer), 37% of the males recaptured ßew 800 m or more and 8% ßew 3.2 km or more. During the second release set (late summer), 51% of the m...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aggregation and Dispersal Behavior of Marked and Released European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Adults

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“…Some noncorn hosts also serve as aggregation or actions sites for adult moths (Showers et al 1976, 1980, Hellmich et al 1998. Adults rest in aggregation sites during the day because of the moist microclimate (DeRozari et al 1977).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adults rest in aggregation sites during the day because of the moist microclimate (DeRozari et al 1977). Weedy species such as foxtails, similar to some millet species, act as O. nubilalis aggregation sites (Showers et al 1976, 1980, Hellmich et al 1998. While evaluating millet as an alternative crop for the northern Great Plains at North Dakota State University, injury by O. nubilalis to various millet species was observed.…”

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confidence: 99%

Millet Preference, Effects of Planting Date on Infestation, and Adult and Larval Use of Proso Millet by Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Anderson

Weiss

Hellmich

et al. 2003

Journal of Economic Entomology

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The interaction between millet and European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hu¨ bner), was investigated to gain insight into whether millet could serve as a refuge or trap crop for O. nubilalis management. In 1995In , 1996In , and 1999, millet selection studies were conducted in North Dakota and New York with four millet species. Proso millet, Panicum milliaceum L., had the highest infestation and widest distribution of O. nubilalis developmental stages, indicating the presence of both univoltine and bivoltine ecotypes. Siberian foxtail millet, Setaria italica (L.) Beauvois, harbored the greatest number of adults, followed by German foxtail millet, Setaria italica (L.) Beauvois. These two millets appeared to serve as better aggregation sites than proso millet. In North Dakota in 1997, proso millet planting date studies showed later planting dates were more heavily infested than earlier dates; in 1998, thistrend wasrevers ed. The change in trendsbetween yearswasprobably a result of differencesin the respective growing seasons and subsequent differences in O. nubilalis ßights. Adult sampling showed that both old and young females aggregated in proso millet during the day; however, at night, it appeared that young femalesmoved out of millet to oviposit, whereasold femalesremained in millet. Egg masses were detected in proso millet over a 7-d period in 1997 and a 4-d period in 1998. Larval sampling showed planting proso millet between late May and mid-June may maximize the presence of individualsfrom both O. nubilalis ecotypes. Once the optimal combination of planting date, plant density, and millet type is found, millet may serve as an effective refuge or trap crop for O. nubilalis management. KeywordsEuropean corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis, millet, trap crop, refuge Disciplines Entomology | Plant Sciences CommentsThis article is from Journal of Economic Entomology; 96 (2003) ABSTRACT The interaction between millet and European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hü bner), was investigated to gain insight into whether millet could serve as a refuge or trap crop for O. nubilalis management. In 1995In , 1996In , and 1999, millet selection studies were conducted in North Dakota and New York with four millet species. Proso millet, Panicum milliaceum L., had the highest infestation and widest distribution of O. nubilalis developmental stages, indicating the presence of both univoltine and bivoltine ecotypes. Siberian foxtail millet, Setaria italica (L.) Beauvois, harbored the greatest number of adults, followed by German foxtail millet, Setaria italica (L.) Beauvois. These two millets appeared to serve as better aggregation sites than proso millet. In North Dakota in 1997, proso millet planting date studies showed later planting dates were more heavily infested than earlier dates; in 1998, this trend was reversed. The change in trends between years was probably a result of differences in the respective growing seasons and subsequent differences in O. nubilalis ßights. Adult sampling showed that both old and young ...

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Frequency of hybridization between Ostrinia nubilalis E‐and Z‐pheromone races in regions of sympatry within the United States

Coates

Johnson

Kim

et al. 2013

Ecology and Evolution

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Female European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis, produce and males respond to sex pheromone blends with either E-or Z-D11-tetradecenyl acetate as the major component. E-and Z-race populations are sympatric in the Eastern United States, Southeastern Canada, and the Mediterranean region of Europe. The E-and Z-pheromone races of O. nubilalis are models for incipient species formation, but hybridization frequencies within natural populations remain obscure due to lack of a high-throughput phenotyping method. Lassance et al. previously identified a pheromone gland-expressed fatty-acyl reductase gene (pgfar) that controls the ratio of D11-tetradecenyl acetate stereoisomers. We identified three single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers within pgfar that are differentially fixed between E-and Z-race females, and that are ≥98.2% correlated with female pheromone ratios measured by gas chromatography. Genotypic data from locations in the United States demonstrated that pgfar-z alleles were fixed within historically allopatric Z-pheromone race populations in the Midwest, and that hybrid frequency ranged from 0.00 to 0.42 within 11 sympatric sites where the two races co-occur in the Eastern United States (mean hybridization frequency or heterozygosity (H O ) = 0.226 AE 0.279). Estimates of hybridization between the E-and Z-races are important for understanding the dynamics involved in maintaining race integrity, and are consistent with previous estimates of low levels of genetic divergence between E-and Z-races and the presence of weak prezygotic mating barriers.

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Flight and Sexual Activity of the European Corn Borer 1 , 2 , 3

Cited by 103 publications

References 0 publications

Aggregation and Dispersal Behavior of Marked and Released European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Adults

Aggregation and Dispersal Behavior of Marked and Released European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Adults

Millet Preference, Effects of Planting Date on Infestation, and Adult and Larval Use of Proso Millet by Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Frequency of hybridization between Ostrinia nubilalis E‐and Z‐pheromone races in regions of sympatry within the United States

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