2005
DOI: 10.1038/4351045a
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Floater clustering in a standing wave

Abstract: How do waves affect the distribution of small particles that float on water? Here we show that drifting small particles concentrate in either the nodes or antinodes of a standing wave, depending on whether they are hydrophilic or hydrophobic, as a result of a surface-tension effect that violates Archimedes' law of buoyancy. This clustering on waves may find practical application in particle separation and provides insight into the patchy distribution on water of, for example, plastic litter or oil slicks.

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Cited by 68 publications
(73 citation statements)
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“…Remarkably, the structures observed by Brown differ significantly from the periodic square lattice predicted 82 to be the minimum energy state for ideal quadrupoles. This suggests that, to obtain long-ranged order, it may be crucial to reduce the magnitude of the capillary interaction to values for which thermal fluctuations, or mechanical ''stirring'', 83,84 can help reaching the minimum energy state. Obtaining ordered structures may also require designing particles that present an ordered state having a much lower energy than all the other metastable states, as in general is expected for all forms of self-assembly.…”
Section: Effects Not Due To Capillarity Multi-body Effects Etcmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Remarkably, the structures observed by Brown differ significantly from the periodic square lattice predicted 82 to be the minimum energy state for ideal quadrupoles. This suggests that, to obtain long-ranged order, it may be crucial to reduce the magnitude of the capillary interaction to values for which thermal fluctuations, or mechanical ''stirring'', 83,84 can help reaching the minimum energy state. Obtaining ordered structures may also require designing particles that present an ordered state having a much lower energy than all the other metastable states, as in general is expected for all forms of self-assembly.…”
Section: Effects Not Due To Capillarity Multi-body Effects Etcmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…4 Despite similar evidence of population extinction in European fish populations due to an emerging fungal disease 5 and the associated risk of food aquaculture, 6,7,8 our understanding of global distribution of fish fungal pathogens today remains limited. 9,10,11 This limitation which is characterized by a severe under reporting from the scientific community, stems from a lack of diagnostic power in aquatic systems, the chronic nature of these diseases, which spread slowly through populations and their lack of obvious external pathological signs in the hosts during the initial phase of infection.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…14͒ cavitation as the dominant mechanism 18,19 instead. Capillary waves in microfluidics contribute to a wide range of other phenomena, including particle rafting 20 and concentration, 21 that are physically curious and have engineering applications. 22,23 An attractive advantage of working at small scales is the ability to control the significance of gravity in the a͒ Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%