Flood disaster vulnerability in informal settlements in Bursa, Turkey

Taş, Murat; Taş, Nilüfer; Durak, Selen; Atanur, Gül

doi:10.1177/0956247813501134

Cited by 33 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The population density of a neighborhood is often linked with lower income housing placed in floodplain areas [42]. Furthermore, overcrowded neighborhoods are more likely to have poor drainage systems and infrastructure [43]. People from neighborhoods with these characteristics face difficulties in evacuating quickly and have a higher risk of disease transmission [44].…”

Section: Land Tenure and Neighborhood Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood Risk Mapping Using GIS and Multi-Criteria Analysis: A Greater Toronto Area Case Study

2018

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Given the increase in flood events in recent years, accurate flood risk assessment is an important component of flood mitigation in urban areas. This research aims to develop updated and accurate flood risk maps in the Don River Watershed within the Great Toronto Area (GTA). The risk maps use geographical information systems (GIS) and multi-criteria analysis along with the application of Analytical Hierarchy Process methods to define and quantify the optimal selection of weights for the criteria that contribute to flood risk. The flood hazard maps were generated for four scenarios, each with different criteria (S1, S2, S3, and S4). The base case scenario (S1) is the most accurate, since it takes into account the floodplain map developed by the Toronto and Region Conservation Authority. It also considers distance to streams (DS), height above nearest drainage (HAND), slope (S), and the Curve Number (CN). S2 only considers DS, HAND, and CN, whereas S3 considers effective precipitation (EP), DS, HAND, and S. Lastly, S4 considers total precipitation (TP), DS, HAND, S, and CN. In addition to the flood hazard, the social and economic vulnerability was included to determine the total flood vulnerability in the watershed under three scenarios; the first one giving a higher importance to the social vulnerability, the second one giving equal importance to both social and economic vulnerability, and the third one giving more importance to the economic vulnerability. The results for each of the four flood scenarios show that the flood risk generated for S2 is the most similar to the base case (S1), followed by S3 and S4. The inclusion of social and economic vulnerability highlights the impacts of floods that are typically ignored in practice. It will allow watershed managers to make more informed decisions for flood mitigation and protection. The most important outcome of this research is that by only using the digital elevation model, the census data, the streams, land use, and soil type layers, it is possible to obtain a reliable flood risk map (S2) using a simplified method as compared to more complex flood risk methods that use hydraulic and hydrological models to generate flood hazard maps (as was the case for S1).

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Section: Land Tenure and Neighborhood Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood Risk Mapping Using GIS and Multi-Criteria Analysis: A Greater Toronto Area Case Study

2018

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“… 24. Adegun, O B (2015), “State-led versus community-initiated: stormwater drainage and informal settlement intervention in Johannesburg, South Africa”, Environment and Urbanization Vol 27, No 2, pages 407–420; also Kita, S M (2017), “Urban vulnerability, disaster risk reduction and resettlement in Mzuzu city, Malawi”, International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction Vol 22, pages 158–166; Taş, M, N Taş, S Durak and G Atanur (2013), “Flood disaster vulnerability in informal settlements in Bursa, Turkey”, Environment and Urbanization Vol 25, No 2, pages 443–463; and Taylor, J (2015), “A tale of two cities: comparing alternative approaches to reducing the vulnerability of riverbank communities in two Indonesian cities”, Environment and Urbanization Vol 27, No 2, pages 621–636. …”

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confidence: 99%

Climate change and flood risk: vulnerability assessment in an urban poor community in Mexico

Castro¹,

Robles²

2019

Environment and Urbanization

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The impacts of climate change tend to be unevenly distributed, affecting mostly urban poor communities. This research analyses the case of El Colli, a community with high levels of marginalization and urban poverty in an area characterized by informal settlements in the Metropolitan Area of Guadalajara (state of Jalisco, Mexico). The main objective was to analyse the vulnerability to climate change in El Colli, focusing on the flood risk it is exposed to and using a mixed-methods design with various research tools. The findings show the specific aspects of vulnerability in a context of urban poverty, in which basic municipal services are scarce, government action is inadequate and residents show a high acceptance of risk. Based on the data, we state the need to incorporate local urban challenges into the debate on climate change, particularly those affecting informal settlements. Keywords climate change / flood risk / informal settlements / urban poverty / vulnerability

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“…The demarcation of such unplanned areas gives credence to why informal settlements are often associated with poor environmental conditions, inadequate infrastructure, poor planning and zoning, and insecure tenure and holdings [31,32]. There usually is a frequent threat of eviction of informal settlers by the government through the local planning authorities Williams [33], and their low-income levels often reinforce the perception of these settlers to construct lowquality housing.…”

Section: Informal Settlements and Disaster Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Qualitative Narrative of the Lived Experiences of Informal Settlements Dwellers within Port Harcourt Municipality during the Covid-19 Pandemic

Brown

Tari

2022

AJEE

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The formation of informal settlements is increasing rapidly, especially in some developing economies such as the Port Harcourt Municipality in Nigeria. These settlements are vulnerable to several urban challenges from natural and anthropogenic disasters, including the recent COVID-19 pandemic. The landscape of Port Harcourt Municipality is inundated with the proliferation of informal urban settlements especially around its southern fringes, which has engendered these settlements to become vulnerable to the vagaries of any occurring disaster such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This study attempts to unfold residents' lived experiences in these informal settlements to get the narratives of their experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of forty-one (41) informal settlements were identified, out of which three (3) of those settlements (Okrika, Nembe and Ibadan) were selected purposively due to ease of accessibility, safety and spread around the municipality. The study adopted the qualitative approach by applying semi-structured interviews with key informants in these selected informal settlements. A total of nine (9) key informants were selected, with three (3) comprising the head of the community development committee (CDC), Youth and Women representatives from each settlement were interviewed. In addition, photographs of these selected informal settlements were taken to depict the characteristics of those settlements. Content analysis was used to analyse the outcome of the interviews. Some key findings include poor orientation of residents regarding disease spread, no effective urban renewal scheme to improve residents' quality of life, no proper planning of those settlements and residents were not included in the planning of those settlements. This study recommends proper enlightenment of residents regarding the management of disease spread. The provision of sustainable measures that will build resilience and adaptive capacities for the dwellers and continuous urban renewal schemes to ensure the provision of basic social infrastructure that would improve the residents' quality of life. However, the study concludes that the identification and characterisation of informal settlements will provide a better understanding and knowledge of the settlements as a resource to improve the social and economic conditions of the dwellers, distribution of infrastructural facilities and services, and wealth, thereby enhancing the quality of life and wellbeing of the residents and the general urban affairs as this will equally present opportunities for proper urban planning and management.

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Flood disaster vulnerability in informal settlements in Bursa, Turkey

Cited by 33 publications

References 2 publications

Flood Risk Mapping Using GIS and Multi-Criteria Analysis: A Greater Toronto Area Case Study

Flood Risk Mapping Using GIS and Multi-Criteria Analysis: A Greater Toronto Area Case Study

Climate change and flood risk: vulnerability assessment in an urban poor community in Mexico

A Qualitative Narrative of the Lived Experiences of Informal Settlements Dwellers within Port Harcourt Municipality during the Covid-19 Pandemic

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