Flood Frequency Analysis of Chenab River for Predicting Peak Flows during Late Monsoon Period

Abstract

The River Chenab is one of the main western rivers of the Indus River system in Pakistan, which undergoes intensive inundation almost every year during the late monsoon period. The present study performs flood frequency analyses for the river basin as well as simulates different levels of water flow in the system to speculate all kinds of inundation under different scenarios, i.e., to predict flood hazard and flood extended areas. Flood frequency analyses were performed at MARALA Headworks to Khanki Headworks. Data were collected from the Punjab Irrigation Department, Pakistan and from USGS and ASTER GDEM. The peak discharge of MARALA Headworks had been analyzed for 25 years. The preprocessing was performed in HEC Geo-RAS after preprocessing model run in HEC-RAS. After analysis the data were exported in HEC-RAS to ARCMAP to generate a floodplain and inundation map. Our analysis generated the result that different areas would be under water in different return periods. Flood hazards maps for different return periods 10, 20, 50 and 100 years were conducted using annual peaks flow of 35 years from 1980 to 2016. The maximum discharges at up and down stream for different periods were obtained using Gumbel distribution model results which showed that different areas were predicted under water in different return periods and affected areas after five years' return period.

Observed Changes in Rainfall and Characteristics of Extreme Events in Côte d’Ivoire (West Africa)

“…This study on the evolution of rainfall extremes was based on 14 synoptic stations distributed over different geographical areas of Côte d'Ivoire with at least 40 years of records. In each climatic region, statistical tests to assess trends and detect breaks were used to assess changes in the evolution of extremes before and after the identified break years [35][36][37]. However, results in the northern region of Côte d'Ivoire showed that this area experienced a change starting in 1982, characterized by a long dry period followed, in recent years, by a slightly wetter period alongside an increase in the number of rainy days (RR1) associated with lower-intensity events (SDII) than those in the past.…”

Environmental Factors Driving the Toxic Mobility between Soil and Vegetation in Riparian Zone Vegetation

“…Among various rivers of Pakistan, the river Chenab has to irrigate a large adjacent area [20]. Punjab is the most populous province of Pakistan; it shares 59% of the gross domestic products and 76% agriculture production [21]. Gujrat is one of the leading Agririch, industrial and ecologically fertile Districts of the province Punjab.…”