Flood plain and channel dynamics of the Quinault and Queets Rivers, Washington, USA

O’Connor, Jim E.; Jones, Myrtle; Haluska, Tana L.

doi:10.1016/s0169-555x(02)00324-0

Cited by 159 publications

(175 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The results from Fisher and Likens (1973) and Wallace et al (1995) indicate similarly strong relationships between CPOM export and discharge; however, the former derived their data from a very small catchment and the latter did not have point measurements, but integrated over entire events. Still, most conceptual models of wood dynamics formulated in studies of low-order streams similar to the Erlenbach and larger streams suggest more continuous export rates and seemingly do not apply to our study area (Hyatt and Naiman, 2001;O'Connor et al, 2003;Wohl, 2013). The concept of May and Gresswell (2003), derived from the data on a steep mountain stream, postulates episodic export of larger fractions of CPOM, although in conjunction with debris flow events rather than fluvial transport.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…8) refers to LWD dynamics in low-order steep mountain streams, and here we compare it to models that have been developed for larger streams (e.g., Hyatt and Naiman, 2001;O'Connor et al, 2003;Wohl, 2013). In larger fluvial systems, supply and evacuation of logs is generally assumed to occur more or less continuously and it has not been possible to assess how the recent discharge history may lead to a more episodic supply and removal of LWD, probably due to the unavailability of discharge measurements.…”

Section: Comparison With Larger Fluvial Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of log jams and exceptional flood events in mobilizing coarse particulate organic matter in a steep headwater stream

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Coarse particulate organic matter (CPOM) fulfills important functions in the physical and ecological system of a stream. CPOM delivery to and export from the stream has implications for the stream's morphology and sediment transport capacity as well as the energy budget and food availability. Export rates of CPOM from mountain catchments have been observed to strongly increase with rising discharge, but the mechanism leading to this strong relationship is unclear. Here, we show that log jams in the Erlenbach, a steep headwater stream in the Swiss Prealps, are an effective barrier for the transport of CPOM pieces, and thus become sites of storage of large quantities of material over time. Exceptional discharge events with return periods exceeding 20 years play a dual role in CPOM transport in the Erlenbach. First, they appear to destroy existing log jams, releasing the stored material (wood and sediment). Second, they intensify channel-hillslope coupling, thereby recruiting new logs to the channel, around which new jams can form. This allows for the formulation of a new, fully episodic endmember in a four-end-member model of CPOM dynamics of steep mountain streams based on wood delivery and export.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Comparison With Larger Fluvial Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of log jams and exceptional flood events in mobilizing coarse particulate organic matter in a steep headwater stream

et al. 2015

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“…A number of studies have described channel avulsions triggered by wood accumulations in a variety of environments (Harwood and Brown, 1993;McKenny et al, 1995;Piégay and Marston, 1998;Collins and Montgomery, 2002;Abbe and Montgomery, 2003;Jeffries et al, 2003). In forested regions, the formation of stable logjams promotes the evolution of an anastomosing channel morphology (Harwood and Brown, 1993;Collins and Montgomery, 2002;O'Connor et al, 2003), though these are characterized by active bedload transport and unconfined channels. Finally, local coarse sediment deposition upstream of logjams can form alluvial surfaces several meters higher than the active floodplain and hence contribute directly to floodplain formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Logjam controls on channel:floodplain interactions in wooded catchments and their role in the formation of multi-channel patterns

Sear

Millington

Kitts³

et al. 2010

Geomorphology

146

110

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The role of wood in the formation and maintenance of complex dynamic floodplain surfaces is important and to date has received relatively limited attention compared to in-channel habitat processes. This paper explores the role of logjams as important agents of channel:floodplain interaction. We draw on a specific case study as well as examples from the literature to show that although the processes of interaction differ, the resulting dynamic floodplain patchwork is a common feature of rivers with logjams. In addition, we contend that the presence of logjams is an important factor in the evolution and maintenance of multiple channel patterns in both montane and lowland river environments. These observations have important implications for the definition of reference targets for river restoration. The specific results of this research show:1) The presence of a range of types of multiple channel network dissecting the floodplains of low order channels that are strongly associated with the presence of logjams. 2) The relatively rapid formation of floodplain channels following logjam formation.3) The dynamic nature of logjams within headwater channels on both seasonal and annual timescales that lead to a highly dynamic habitat mosaic on the floodplain surface. 4) An increased frequency of overbank flooding and high rates of floodplain sediment accumulation upstream of logjams and along floodplain channel networks that create the complex topography observed in the case study forested floodplains.

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“…have been taken for the monitoring of aggregate meander migration and migration rate in the two reaches. Meander migration rate and aggregate migration have been calculated considering the channel shifting along all meander axes of the reaches within the studied period (Gupta et al 2014;O'Conno et al 2003). Here, sinuosity index has also been measured for both the reaches in order to reflect the changes in the meander over the studied period.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bank vulnerability and avulsion modeling of the Bhagirathi-Hugli river between Ajay and Jalangi confluences in lower Ganga Plain, India

Pal

Biswas

Pramanik

et al. 2016

Model. Earth Syst. Environ.

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The emergence of the study of fluvial dynamics of the alluvial monsoon rivers especially in India is being enriched through the application of remote sensing and GIS techniques. To study fluvial dynamics over time, channel avulsion no doubt is one of the most considerable phenomena. The study section (*75 km) in between the two confluences of the Bhagirathi River i.e., Ajay (Katwa) and Jalangi River (Nabadwip) confluence in Lower Ganga Plain of West Bengal is highly oscillatory in nature. Several satellite images and toposheets of different time periods (1955, 1973, 1990 and 2011) have been used in order to analyse the avulsive nature in this section of the river. These fluvial features (cut offs, ox-bow lakes, point bars etc.) form as a result of channel avulsion and have been identified with the help of Landsat satellite images. The decadal differences in sinuosity ratio in different parts of the studied section, channel migration rate and avulsion model explain the dynamic nature and crucial portions of high bank erosion rate of the channel in the mentioned time period. For both the reaches (R1 and R2), meander loop cut offs are dominant rather than lateral avulsion in the context of aggregate channel migration that also reflects the instability and erosional vulnerability at different meander bends.

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Flood plain and channel dynamics of the Quinault and Queets Rivers, Washington, USA

Cited by 159 publications

References 28 publications

The role of log jams and exceptional flood events in mobilizing coarse particulate organic matter in a steep headwater stream

The role of log jams and exceptional flood events in mobilizing coarse particulate organic matter in a steep headwater stream

Logjam controls on channel:floodplain interactions in wooded catchments and their role in the formation of multi-channel patterns

Bank vulnerability and avulsion modeling of the Bhagirathi-Hugli river between Ajay and Jalangi confluences in lower Ganga Plain, India

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