Floral micromorphology of the bird-pollinated carnivorous plant species<i>Utricularia menziesii</i>R.Br. (Lentibulariaceae)

Płachno, Bartosz J.; Stpiczyńska, Małgorzata; Świątek, Piotr; Lambers, Hans; Miranda, Vitor F. O.; Nge, Francis J.; Stolarczyk, Piotr; Cawthray, Gregory R.

doi:10.1093/aob/mcy163

Cited by 9 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Similar nectary capitate trichomes, as are described here, have been recorded in the spurs of various Utricularia species (Farooq 1963;Farooq and Siddiqui 1966;Clivati et al 2014;Płachno et al 2016Płachno et al , 2017Płachno et al , 2018Płachno et al , 2019b and Genlisea violacea (Aranguren et al 2018). Unfortunately, there are no published data about the ultrastructure of the nectary trichomes in Genlisea.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…The spur anatomy of the Pinguicula that were examined here is very similar to Utricularia (Płachno et al 2016(Płachno et al , 2017(Płachno et al , 2018(Płachno et al , 2019b. In both genera, there are collateral vascular bundles in the nectaries (spurs).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…In Utricularia, the spur is treated as a nectary and nectar is produced by small glandular trichomes (Płachno et al 2017(Płachno et al , 2018(Płachno et al , 2019b. The ultrastructure of these trichomes was analysed by Płachno et al (2017Płachno et al ( , 2019c.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flower nectar trichome structure of carnivorous plants from the genus butterworts Pinguicula L. (Lentibulariaceae)

et al. 2019

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Pinguicula (Lentibulariaceae) is a genus comprising around 96 species of herbaceous, carnivorous plants, which are extremely diverse in flower size, colour and spur length and structure as well as pollination strategy. In Pinguicula, nectar is formed in the flower spur; however, there is a gap in the knowledge about the nectary trichome structure in this genus. Our aim was to compare the nectary trichome structure of various Pinguicula species in order to determine whether there are any differences among the species in this genus. The taxa that were sampled were Pinguicula moctezumae, P. moranensis, P. rectifolia, P. emarginata and P. esseriana. We used light microscopy, histochemistry, scanning and transmission electron microscopy to address those aims. We show a conservative nectary trichome structure and spur anatomy in various Mexican Pinguicula species. The gross structural similarities between the examined species were the spur anatomy, the occurrence of papillae, the architecture of the nectary trichomes and the ultrastructure characters of the trichome cells. However, there were some differences in the spur length, the size of spur trichomes, the occurrence of starch grains in the spur parenchyma and the occurrence of cell wall ingrowths in the terminal cells of the nectary trichomes. Similar nectary capitate trichomes, as are described here, were recorded in the spurs of species from other Lentibulariaceae genera. There are many ultrastructural similarities between the cells of nectary trichomes in Pinguicula and Utricularia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

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Flower nectar trichome structure of carnivorous plants from the genus butterworts Pinguicula L. (Lentibulariaceae)

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“…Pleiochasia , within U. subgen. Polypompholyx [ 27 , 28 ], an early-branching lineage which has unexpected features such as specialization for bird pollination [ 29 ]. Therefore, compared tuber structures from the divergent lineages in Lentibulariaceae ( Genlisea genus and Utricularia subgen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Features of Carnivorous Plant (Genlisea, Utricularia) Tubers as Abiotic Stress Resistance Organs

Płachno

Silva

Świątek

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Carnivorous plants from the Lentibulariaceae form a variety of standard and novel vegetative organs and survive unfavorable environmental conditions. Within Genlisea, only G. tuberosa, from the Brazilian Cerrado, formed tubers, while Utricularia menziesii is the only member of the genus to form seasonally dormant tubers. We aimed to examine and compare the tuber structure of two taxonomically and phylogenetically divergent terrestrial carnivorous plants: Genlisea tuberosa and Utricularia menziesii. Additionally, we analyzed tubers of U. mannii. We constructed phylogenetic trees using chloroplast genes matK/trnK and rbcL and used studied characters for ancestral state reconstruction. All examined species contained mainly starch as histologically observable reserves. The ancestral state reconstruction showed that specialized organs such as turions evolved once and tubers at least 12 times from stolons in Lentibulariaceae. Different from other clades, tubers probably evolved from thick stolons for sect. Orchidioides and both structures are primarily water storage structures. In contrast to species from section Orchidioides, G. tuberosa, U. menziesii and U. mannii form starchy tubers. In G. tuberosa and U. menziesii, underground tubers provide a perennating bud bank that protects the species in their fire-prone and seasonally desiccating environments.

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“…Later, other corolla colours (pink, apricot, white) appeared in this section (Jobson et al 2017, 2018). Płachno et al (2019b) proposed that the plesiomorphic Utricularia flower was bee pollinated, and that later other pollination syndromes evolved. Bird pollination (in the case of U. menziesii ) is a recent apomorphy in the genus Utricularia , subgenus Polypompholyx .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral micromorphology and nectar composition of the early evolutionary lineage Utricularia (subgenus Polypompholyx, Lentibulariaceae)

et al. 2019

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Utricularia (Lentibulariaceae) is a genus comprising around 240 species of herbaceous, carnivorous plants. Utricularia is usually viewed as an insect-pollinated genus, with the exception of a few bird-pollinated species. The bladderworts Utricularia multifida and U. tenella are interesting species because they represent an early evolutionary Utricularia branch and have some unusual morphological characters in their traps and calyx. Thus, our aims were to (i) determine whether the nectar sugar concentrations and composition in U. multifida and U. tenella are similar to those of other Utricularia species from the subgenera Polypompholyx and Utricularia, (ii) compare the nectary structure of U. multifida and U. tenella with those of other Utricularia species, and (iii) determine whether U. multifida and U. tenella use some of their floral trichomes as an alternative food reward for pollinators. We used light microscopy, histochemistry, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy to address those aims. The concentration and composition of nectar sugars were analysed using high-performance liquid chromatography. In all of the examined species, the floral nectary consisted of a spur bearing glandular trichomes. The spur produced and stored the nectar. We detected hexose-dominated (fructose + glucose) nectar in U. multifida and U. tenella as well as in U. violacea. In both U. multifida and U. tenella, there were trichomes that blocked the entrance into the throat and spur. Because these trichomes were rich in chromoplasts and contained lipid droplets, they may form an additional visual attractant. Bearing in mind the phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus, we suggest that an early ancestor of Utricularia had a nectariferous spur flower with a lower lip that formed a wide landing platform for bee pollinators.

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Floral micromorphology of the bird-pollinated carnivorous plant speciesUtricularia menziesiiR.Br. (Lentibulariaceae)

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

Flower nectar trichome structure of carnivorous plants from the genus butterworts Pinguicula L. (Lentibulariaceae)

Flower nectar trichome structure of carnivorous plants from the genus butterworts Pinguicula L. (Lentibulariaceae)

Structural Features of Carnivorous Plant (Genlisea, Utricularia) Tubers as Abiotic Stress Resistance Organs

Floral micromorphology and nectar composition of the early evolutionary lineage Utricularia (subgenus Polypompholyx, Lentibulariaceae)

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