Floristic and structural status of forests in permanent preservation areas of Moju river basin, Amazon region

Oliveira, Jorge; Vieira, Ima Célia Guimarães; Almeida, Arlete Silva de; Silva, Carlos Antônio da

doi:10.1590/1519-6984.04415

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The structure of plant communities in many natural ecosystems is largely determined by disturbances, which occur frequently, but on small scales (White, 1979). Our finding of a right-skewed basal area data distribution corroborates the reverse J-shaped curves reported for other disturbed forests in the Amazon Basin (Oliveira-Filho et al, 1997;Oliveira et al, 2016). Additionally, the low basal area values for the forest burned in 2010 may have been caused by a severe fire that happened in that year, worsened by a severe drought (Gatti et al, 2014;Feldpausch et al, 2016), with forest recuperation subsequently hindered.…”

Section: Changes In Structural Complexity Due To Firesupporting

confidence: 87%

Fire Effects on Understory Forest Regeneration in Southern Amazonia

Prestes

Massi

Alves-Silva

et al. 2020

Front. For. Glob. Change

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Fire in tropical forests increases tree mortality, degrades forest structure, and reduces carbon stocks. Currently, there are large gaps in understanding how fire affects understory forest structure and composition, interactions with fire recurrence, and longterm impacts. Understanding these changes is critical to evaluate the present and future response of tropical forests to fire. We studied post-fire changes in understory regeneration in forests in Mato Grosso State, southern Amazonia, Brazil, aiming to answer the following questions: (i) does forest structure (basal area) and tree community composition vary with fire frequency and time since the last fire? (ii) does the response differ among strata (e.g., sapling, larger trees)? (iii) are changes in diversity associated with changes in forest structure? We surveyed trees and lianas in previously structurally intact forests that underwent selective logging, followed by different fire histories, including 5 and 16 years after once-burned, 5 years after three times burned, and unburned (control). Overall, species composition (abundance, richness, and number of families) and diversity were highest for the unburned treatment and lowest for the recurrent burned areas. Fire frequency negatively affected plant structure and basal area; basal area of small, medium, and large plants declined significantly by more than 50% in the most frequently burned areas. Richness was positively related to basal area in the three times burned sites and in the 16 years regenerating site for all strata. Our results demonstrate the negative influence of frequent fires on both the composition and structure of small trees in Amazonian forest. These changes to the cohort of small-sized trees may persist and have long-term impacts on forest structure, affecting the capacity, and direction of forest recovery. With wildfire widespread across the region and increasing in frequency, fire may negatively affect tree diversity in remaining selectively logged forests, and affect regional carbon cycling with consequences for the global vegetation carbon sink.

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Section: Changes In Structural Complexity Due To Firesupporting

confidence: 87%

Fire Effects on Understory Forest Regeneration in Southern Amazonia

Prestes

Massi

Alves-Silva

et al. 2020

Front. For. Glob. Change

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“…This study was conducted from October 2015 (middle of the dry season, DS) to April 2016 (middle of the rainy season, wet season, WS) in a mature ombrophilous lowland Amazon forest fragment under the management of AGROPALMA, Inc. in Tailândia, Pará, Brazil (2831 0 S/48853 0 W at 40 m.a.s.l.) The vegetation is characterized by dense, species diverse, evergreen forest whose trees ranged from 25 to 50 m in height [27,28]. The area has a flat relief with soils classified as yellow clayey latosol.…”

Section: Materials and Methods (A) Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

ENSO effects on the transpiration of eastern Amazon trees

Brum

Lopez

Asbjornsen

et al. 2018

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Tree transpiration is important in the recycling of precipitation in the Amazon and might be negatively affected by El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO)–induced droughts. To investigate the relative importance of soil moisture deficits versus increasing atmospheric demand (VPD) and determine if these drivers exert different controls over tree transpiration during the wet season versus the dry season (DS), we conducted sap flow measurements in a primary lowland tropical forest in eastern Amazon during the most extreme ENSO-induced drought (2015/2016) recorded in the Amazon. We also assessed whether trees occupying different canopy strata contribute equally to the overall stand transpiration ( T stand ). Canopy trees were the primary source of T stand . However, subcanopy trees are still important as they transpired an amount similar to other biomes around the globe. Tree water use was higher during the DS, indicating that during extreme drought trees did not reduce transpiration in response to low soil moisture. Photosynthetically active radiation and VPD exerted an overriding effect on water use patterns relative to soil moisture during extreme drought, indicating that light and atmospheric constraints play a critical role in controlling ecosystem fluxes of water. Our study highlights the importance of canopy and subcanopy trees to the regional water balance and highlights the resilience to droughts that these trees show during an extreme ENSO event. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘The impact of the 2015/2016 El Niño on the terrestrial tropical carbon cycle: patterns, mechanisms and implications’.

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“…Na floresta alterada, observou-se a ocorrência da espécie Dialium guianense (Aubl.) Sandwith , caracterizada como uma espécie intolerante ao sombreamento, assim como a presença de Simarouba amara Aubl., observada em levantamentos de áreas em estágios intermediários e florestas primárias degradadas (OLIVEIRA et al, 2016;DUART et al, 2018). Essas espécies não foram verificadas entre as espécies dominantes na floresta clímax (Figura 2), indicando as diferenças na composição dos ambientes, definido pelo seu grau de sucessão e conservação.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Silvicultura de <i>Schizolobium parahyba</i> var. <i>amazonicum</i> (Huber ex Ducke) Barneby praticada pelos povos originários na Amazônia brasileira

Rocha

Sccoti

2022

Ciênc. Florest.

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Os povos originários, na Amazônia brasileira, em muito têm contribuído com a domesticação de inúmeras espécies vegetais atualmente utilizadas. Todavia, esses povos enfrentam limitações legais para comercializar seus produtos florestais produzidos de forma sustentável. Nesse aspecto, o estudo teve como objetivo evidenciar a estrutura demográfica de Schizolobium parahyba var amazonicum (Huber ex Ducke) Barneby, em dois sítios, de condução da regeneração natural em área agricultável (policultivo) realizado por indígenas e floresta nativa, a fim de gerar indicadores para nortear a discussão acerca dos aspectos legais da silvicultura de condução de regeneração natural em terras indígenas, na Amazônia brasileira. Para a realização do estudo, foram amostrados três ambientes de ocorrência da referida espécie: florestas em estágios clímax conservada, floresta alterada e área de agricultura com a condução da regeneração natural da espécie, conduzido pelos povos originários. O resultado da pesquisa constatou que na floresta clímax e alterada a espécie tem densidade populacional reduzida em função de seu caráter ecológico, por ser heliófila. Quanto ao ambiente de condução da regeneração natural, a mesma espécie apresentou diferenciação estrutural dos demais ambientes, demonstrando o efeito da prática silvicultural da condução da regeneração, na forma de policultivo, associada a outras espécies agrícolas. Todavia, a vacância de amparo legal para comercialização da madeira pelos povos originários desincentiva esta prática silvicultural sustentável, e incentiva o cultivo simplificado como do café e outros cultivos agrícolas solteiros.

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Floristic and structural status of forests in permanent preservation areas of Moju river basin, Amazon region

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Fire Effects on Understory Forest Regeneration in Southern Amazonia

Fire Effects on Understory Forest Regeneration in Southern Amazonia

ENSO effects on the transpiration of eastern Amazon trees

Silvicultura de <i>Schizolobium parahyba</i> var. <i>amazonicum</i> (Huber ex Ducke) Barneby praticada pelos povos originários na Amazônia brasileira

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