Floristic diversity, stand structure, and composition 11 years after herbicide site preparation

Miller, James H.; Boyd, Robert S.; Edwards, Marc B.

doi:10.1139/cjfr-29-7-1073

Cited by 22 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…Sonne (2006) and Healey et al (2009) reported that harvesting followed by pile-and-burn site preparation was the forest management treatment that contributed the most to GHG emissions. Other treatments using motorized equipment (site preparation, brushing, herbicide applications) or those that use animal grazing (Miller 1998) contributed less than 1% of the GHG emissions from forest management activities, with most of the emissions resulting from harvesting and transportation. The GHG emissions from forestry operations are only a fraction of the carbon sequestered by tree growth (NRCan 2007, Healey et al 2009).…”

Section: Review Of Ecological Implications Of Treatments Air Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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What are the Environmental Consequences of Using Silviculturally Effective Forest Vegetation Management Treatments?

SwiftKathie¹,

Wayne

2011

The Forestry Chronicle

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In this paper, we present examples of stand-level consequences of using forest vegetation management treatments in boreal and temperate forest ecosystems in Canada. Specifically, we address several selected indicators: air and water quality, soils and nutrients, plant diversity, and wildlife habitat. For each of these, we discuss direct and indirect effects of five broad categories of treatments: (1) silviculture and harvesting systems and (2) physical, (3) thermal, (4) cultural, and (5) chemical/biological treatments. Our emphasis is on forest vegetation management treatments that are currently used in Canada to manage conifers. By applying regulations and best management practices, conducting landscape-level analyses and developing longer-term monitoring programs resource managers can minimize the effects of FVM treatments on the environmental indicators presented in this paper.

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Section: Review Of Ecological Implications Of Treatments Air Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Grazing animals would be a source of methane, a greenhouse gas (Miller 1998), but the effect on global greenhouse gas emissions would be very small.…”

Section: Grazing By Ungulatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

What are the Environmental Consequences of Using Silviculturally Effective Forest Vegetation Management Treatments?

SwiftKathie¹,

Wayne

2011

The Forestry Chronicle

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“…This phenomenon is normally very favourable for tree seedling growth, but in certain cases the new vegetation composition enhanced competition (Horseley 1988, Groninger et al 2004). However, in most situations herbicide application has a greater impact on relative species dominance than on species composition or diversity (Boyd et al 1995, Miller et al 1999, Sullivan and Sullivan 2003. In other words, community structure is the main parameter affected by a chemical treatment.…”

Section: Ecological Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are chemical or mechanical treatments more sustainable for forest vegetation management in the context of the TRIAD?

Fortier¹,

Messier²

2006

The Forestry Chronicle

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Chemical and mechanical forest vegetation management (FVM) treatments are analyzed and compared to assess which is the most sustainable in intensively managed plantations in the context of the TRIAD. At the biological and ecological level, herbicides have been found to have more impacts on flora and fauna compared to mechanical treatments, but the differences are of short duration. The effects of noise generated by manual or mechanical brushing on wildlife have not been investigated, however. Local application of herbicide at the base of the tree should further lower these impacts. At the social level, the general public has a negative perception of chemical treatments, while mechanical treatments are wellperceived. However, in terms of worker safety, chemical treatments are less risky than manual brushing (brushsaw or chainsaw). At the economic level, herbicides globally cost less and are more effective at increasing fibre production than mechanical operations. We conclude that it is difficult to assess globally what is the most sustainable option to control competing vegetation. However, the careful use of herbicide may be the most sustainable option if the added productivity thus obtained is used to increase protected areas and ecosystem-based management, as is intended with the TRIAD concept.Key words: forest vegetation management, chemical release, mechanical release, functional zoning, plantations, ecological impacts, social impacts, economical impacts, intensive management, sustainable forestry RÉSUMÉ Les traitements chimiques et mécaniques de gestion de la végétation compétitrice sont comparés afin d'évaluer quel traitement est le plus durable pour réaliser le dégagement des plantations à haut rendement dans le contexte de la TRIADE. Au niveau écologique et biologique, les traitements chimiques ont plus d'impacts négatifs sur la faune et la flore que les traitements mécaniques, mais cet impact est de courte durée. Les effets du bruit sur la faune généré par l'utilisation de la débrousailleuse ou de la machinerie lourde ne sont pas documentés. Un dégagement chimique local, à la base de chacun des semis, réduit considérablement les impacts écologiques associés aux phytocides. Au niveau social, la perception à l'égard du dégagement chimique est fort négative, ce qui n'est pas le cas pour les opérations mécaniques. En matière de santé sécurité des travailleurs, l'usage de phytocide est moins risqué que le dégagement mécanique manuel. Pour ce qui est des bénéfices économiques, comparativement au de dégagement mécanique, l'utilisation de phytocides chimiques est moins coûteuse en plus d'augmenter de manière plus importante le capital ligneux. Nous concluons qu'il est difficile de discriminer quel traitement est le plus durable. Néanmoins, l'usage rationnel de phytocide apparaît comme l'option la plus durable dans la mesure où l'augmentation de la production ligneuse pourrait ensuite servir à l'implantation d'un aménagement écosystémique et à la création d'aires protégées, comme le concept de TRIADE le ...

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“…This is corroborated by other studies that show an initial decline in herbaceous richness after herbicide application, with a delayed return to pre-disturbance richness levels after some time. In their study of a P. taeda plantation in Georgia, Miller et al [21] also found no differences in either herbaceous richness or diversity between six herbicide treatments and control 11 years after the treatment. Likewise, Boyd et al [39] encountered no difference in plant richness and diversity between control and herbicide treatments 7 years after application in P. taeda plantations in Georgia.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In Georgia and South Carolina, US, five years following herbicide treatment, pineland herbaceous species richness was lower than pre-treatment levels [19,20]. On the other hand, a study on a Pinus taeda plantation in Georgia, US, found no differences in either herbaceous richness or diversity between six herbicide treatments and control 11 years after initial treatment, suggesting a return to pre-treatment levels after a finite period of time [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Understory Species Richness from Stand and Management Characteristics Using Regression Trees

Timilsina

Cropper

Escobedo

et al. 2013

Forests

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Abstract:Managing forests for multiple ecosystem services such as timber, carbon, and biodiversity requires information on ecosystem structure and management characteristics. National forest inventory data are increasingly being used to quantify ecosystem services, but they mostly provide timber management and overstory data, while data on understory shrub and herbaceous diversity are limited. We obtained species richness and stand management data from relevant literature to develop a regression tree model that can be used to predict understory species richness from forest inventory data. Our model explained 57% of the variation in herbaceous species richness in the coastal plain pine forests of the southeastern USA. Results were verified using field data, and important predictors of herbaceous richness included stand age, forest type, time since fire, and time since herbicide-fertilizer application. This approach can make use of available forest inventories to rapidly and cost-effectively estimate understory species richness for subtropical pine forests.

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Floristic diversity, stand structure, and composition 11 years after herbicide site preparation

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

What are the Environmental Consequences of Using Silviculturally Effective Forest Vegetation Management Treatments?

What are the Environmental Consequences of Using Silviculturally Effective Forest Vegetation Management Treatments?

Are chemical or mechanical treatments more sustainable for forest vegetation management in the context of the TRIAD?

Predicting Understory Species Richness from Stand and Management Characteristics Using Regression Trees

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