Florivory increases selfing: an experimental study in the wild strawberry,<i>Fragaria virginiana</i>

Penet, Laurent; Collin, Carine L.; Ashman, Tia‐Lynn

doi:10.1111/j.1438-8677.2008.00141.x

Cited by 56 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Hermaphrodite plants can suffer consistent and high levels of damage by A. signatus (Ashman and Penet 2007). For instance, up to 70% of hermaphrodites in a population can be damaged, and on average these experience a damage intensity of 4.3 ± 0.4 buds clipped per plant (Penet et al 2008). In extreme cases all flowers per plant can be clipped (Ashman et al 2004;Ashman and Penet 2007).…”

Section: Study Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As described above, in some (but not all) maternal families outcrossed progeny had lower fruit production than selfed ones; this could mitigate the potential increase in geitonogamous pollination. It is also important to recall that weevil damage has been seen to increase autogamous selfing through reduced floral display (Penet et al 2008), so the net effect of weevil damage on the selfing rate would be to increase total selfing via both mechanisms.…”

Section: Implications For Sexual System Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, antagonists can affect the first step in this transition, that is, the evolution of gynodioecy (females and hermaphrodites) from hermaphroditism, via specific effects on relative seed production of the sex morphs, the selfing rates of hermaphrodites, and the expression of inbreeding depression in selfed offspring (Ashman 2002). While evidence for the effects of antagonists on seed production is substantial in hermaphroditic systems (e.g., Krupnick and Weis 1999;Mothershead and Marqui 2000;Sánchez -Lafuente 2007;Wise and Cummins 2007), and is steadily growing in gynodioecious ones (Puterbaugh 1998;Marshall and Ganders 2001;Collin et al 2002;Ashman et al 2004), only a few studies have addressed the effects of antagonists on the latter two components, and these studies were mostly conducted in hermaphroditic systems (Krupnick and Weis 1999;Juenger and Bergelson 2000a;Irwin 2003; but see Penet et al 2008). Thus, whether plant-antagonist interactions impact the first step in the evolution of dioecy via effects on mating system or inbreeding depression remains a largely open question.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Herbivore damage may modify hermaphrodite selfing rates by altering flowering characteristics such as display size or the proximity of anthers and stigmas within flowers and/or by influencing pollinator movements between or within flowers on a plant (Karron et al 2004;Ivey and Carr 2005;Penet et al 2008). Although not in all cases, selfing rate can increase with herbivore damage, e.g., in several hermaphrodite species (Ivey and Carr 2005;Steets et al 2006;Schutzenhofer 2007) and one gynodioecious species (Penet et al 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although not in all cases, selfing rate can increase with herbivore damage, e.g., in several hermaphrodite species (Ivey and Carr 2005;Steets et al 2006;Schutzenhofer 2007) and one gynodioecious species (Penet et al 2008). In the latter case, such an effect could contribute to the maintenance of females.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Florivory and Inbreeding on Reproduction in Hermaphrodites of the Wild Strawberry Fragaria virginiana

Rohde

Ashman

2010

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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iv Recently, the biotic context for sexual and mating system evolution in plants has received special attention, yet the significance of interactions with antagonists has only begun to be revealed. We investigated the effect of florivory on reproduction and inbreeding depression by simulating damage on selfed and outcrossed progeny of hermaphrodites of Fragaria virginiana and recording the response of reproduction, as well as measuring tolerance to florivory. While both florivory and inbreeding affected reproduction, their effects were independent with respect to sexual traits but not an asexual trait; inbreeding depression was florivory-and family-dependent, specifically, for plantlet production. Plants were intolerant to florivory in terms of flowers, moderately tolerant in terms of fruit, and most tolerant in terms of plantlets. However, only under severe damage was intolerance statistically significant. Inbreeding did little to change these patterns. Our findings suggest that florivory does not consistently influence inbreeding depression, but its indirect effects on plantlet production could lead to increased geitonogamous selfing. This, combined with previous work demonstrating increased autogamous selfing following weevil damage and knowledge of the mechanism of sex determination in this system, suggests that damage by weevils could contribute to the maintenance of hermaphrodites in gynodioecious F. virginiana populations.

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Section: Study Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implications For Sexual System Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Florivory and Inbreeding on Reproduction in Hermaphrodites of the Wild Strawberry Fragaria virginiana

Rohde

Ashman

2010

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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The Functional Dilemma of Nectar Mimic Staminodes in Parnassia wightiana (Celastraceae): Attracting Pollinators and Florivorous Beetles

Wen,

Chen,

Rech

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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While floral signaling plays a central role in the reproductive success of all animal‐pollinated plants, it may also attract herbivores eager to feed on flowers. False nectaries with glossy surfaces reflecting incident light may produce signals that attract floral visitors guiding their movements to and within the flower. Whether false nectaries also attract herbivores that lower the reproductive success of natural populations requires attention. In this study, we focus on Parnassia wightiana, a subalpine species with a whorl of staminodes that act as false nectaries attracting bees, flies, and herbivorous beetles. We tested the functions of staminodes using controlled manipulative experiments under field and lab conditions. We found a significant decrease in pollinator visits, and subsequent seed set, in flowers in which we removed staminodes or staminode apices confirming the function of these organs. In our natural populations, we found that a beetle, Nonarthra variabilis (Alticinae; Chrysomelidae), chews first on staminode apices, then it eats the entire staminodes and other flower parts, but rarely feeds on ovaries. Additional experiments suggested these beetles preferred staminodes to ovaries. Our results suggest this is a case of selective florivory, in which staminodes play a dual role, attracting pollinators and herbivores at the same time causing the attractive dilemma. Although selective florivory by beetles did not directly damage fruits, it influenced plant‐pollinator interactions, decreasing reproductive success in plant populations. Our study highlights the importance of plant‐pollinator‐herbivore interactions in selecting floral traits.

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Insect pest damage increases faba bean (Vicia faba) yield components but only in the absence of insect pollination

Riggi

Raderschall

Lundin

2022

Ecology and Evolution

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Identifying and quantifying crop stressors interactions in agroecosystems is necessary to guide sustainable crop management strategies. Over the last 50 years, faba bean cropping area has been declining, partly due to yield instabilities associated with uneven insect pollination and herbivory. Yet, the effect of interactions between pollinators and a key pest, the broad bean beetle Bruchus rufimanus (florivorous and seed predating herbivore) on faba bean yield has not been investigated. Using a factorial cage experiment in the field, we investigated how interactions between two hypothesized stressors, lack of insect pollination by bumblebees and herbivory by the broad bean beetle, affect faba bean yield. Lack of bumblebee pollination reduced bean weight per plant by 15%. Effects of the broad bean beetle differed between the individual plant and the plant‐stand level (i.e., when averaging individual plant level responses at the cage level), likely due to high variation in the level of herbivory among individual plants. At the individual plant level, herbivory increased several yield components but only in the absence of pollinators, possibly due to plant overcompensation and/or pollination by the broad bean beetle. At the plant‐stand level, we found no effect of the broad bean beetle on yield. However, there was a tendency for heavier individual bean weight with bumblebee pollination, but only in the absence of broad bean beetle herbivory, possibly due to a negative effect of the broad bean beetle on the proportion of legitimate flower visits by bumblebees. This is the first experimental evidence of interactive effects between bumblebees and the broad bean beetle on faba bean yield. Our preliminary findings of negative and indirect associations between the broad bean beetle and individual bean weight call for a better acknowledgment of these interactions in the field in order to understand drivers of crop yield variability in faba bean.

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Florivory increases selfing: an experimental study in the wild strawberry,Fragaria virginiana

Cited by 56 publications

References 64 publications

Effects of Florivory and Inbreeding on Reproduction in Hermaphrodites of the Wild Strawberry Fragaria virginiana

Effects of Florivory and Inbreeding on Reproduction in Hermaphrodites of the Wild Strawberry Fragaria virginiana

The Functional Dilemma of Nectar Mimic Staminodes in Parnassia wightiana (Celastraceae): Attracting Pollinators and Florivorous Beetles

Insect pest damage increases faba bean (Vicia faba) yield components but only in the absence of insect pollination

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