Flow around a rock perforation surrounded by crushed zone: Experiments vs. theory

Jamiolahmady, Mahmoud; Danesh, Ali; Sohrabi, Mehran; Duncan, Dugald B.

doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2005.10.004

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It should be noted that Jamiolahmady et al, (2006) reported a k r correlation for gas condensate systems which was based on fractional flow rate and expressed the combined effect of coupling and inertia. However, the dependency of relative permeability on fluid viscosity and lack of a proper definition of the lower limit of the correlation limited its use to the range of IFT values studied.…”

Section: A-11)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A New, Accurate and Simple Model For Calculation of Horizontal Well Productivity in Gas and Gas Condensate Reservoirs

Ghahri¹,

Alatefi²,

Jamiolahmady³

2015

Europec 2015

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Horizontal wells are a proven and well acknowledged technology to enhance well productivity through an increase in reservoir contact compared to that of a vertical well under the same conditions. In the last three decades, a considerable effort has been directed to study flow around horizontal wells by many investigators. These studies have mainly focused on proposing practical tools (in the form of skin factor) for long-term well productivity estimation. The skin factor proposed can be applied in an equivalent (one dimensional radial) open-hole system replicating the flow around the actual complex three dimensional (3-D) flow geometry of the Horizontal well. However, all these studies concentrate on single-phase Darcy flow conditions.In gas condensate reservoirs, in addition to the three dimensional (3-D) nature of flow geometry, the flow behavior is further complicated by the phase change and the variation of relative permeability (k r ) due to the coupling (increase in k r by an increase in velocity or decrease in IFT) and inertia (a decrease in k r by an increase in velocity) effects. Therefore, simulating such a complex 3-D flow using numerical commercial simulators requires a three dimensional fine grid compositional approach, which is very impractical, cumbersome and sometimes trigger convergence problems due to numerical instability. In fact, the introduction of a quick and reliable tool for long term productivity calculation is much needed in such systems.This work is aimed at the development of a practical, general, and easy-to-use method for defining an effective wellbore radius of an equivalent open-hole system, replicating flow around the 3-D Horizontal well in gas condensate reservoirs. Accordingly, a 3-D compositional finite element based in-house simulator was developed to accurately model gas and gas condensate flow around horizontal wells. A large data bank was generated, covering the impact of a wide range of pertinent geometric and flow parameters on the well performance. Then a general approach is proposed for estimation of an effective wellbore radius of an equivalent open-hole radial 1-D system replicating flow around the 3-D Horizontal well system. The effective wellbore radius varies with fluid properties, velocity, IFT, reservoir and wellbore conditions. The results of the proposed formulation, which benefits from suitable dimensionless numbers, has been tested against the simulator results not used in its development confirming the integrity of the approach. Also, the proposed formulation is applicable for both single-phase non-Darcy and two-phase gas condensate flow systems.With this approach, no numerical simulation is needed and instead a simple excel spread-sheet can predict the horizontal well performance, significantly facilitating engineering and management decisions relating to the application of horizontal well technologies.

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Section: A-11)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A New, Accurate and Simple Model For Calculation of Horizontal Well Productivity in Gas and Gas Condensate Reservoirs

Ghahri¹,

Alatefi²,

Jamiolahmady³

2015

Europec 2015

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“…Most of the practical perforated well productivity estimations for single-phase flow carried out today are based on Tariq's work (1987). However, there are some criticisms about the lack of generality (e.g., Ichara, 1987;Brooks, 1997;Dogulu, 1998) and accuracy of his results, especially at large perforation lengths and in the non-Darcy flow region (e.g., Behie and Settari, 1993;Jamiolahmady et al, 2004). Compared to single-phase flow, the problem of multi-phase flow in a perforation has received much less attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Measurement and Modelling of Gas Condensate Flow Around Rock Perforation

et al. 2006

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In the petroleum production industry wells are mostly cased and perforated in the producing formation. Perforation characteristics such as size, length, number of perforation tunnels and their arrangements as well as fluid and rock properties determine fluid flow behaviour in the wellbore region, hence, well productivity. Flow of gas and condensate around a perforation tunnel (including the damaged zone) has been studied by performing steady-state core experiments and simulating the results numerically, using a finite element modelling approach. The model allows for the changes in fluid properties and accounts for the coupling of the two phases and the inertial effect using a fractional flow based correlation. The results indicated that different sets of thickness-permeability (h − k) values obtained from matching single-phase flow performance could be assigned to the damaged zone around perforation to represent the two-phase flow performance. The status of the tip of the perforation for two extreme cases of totally closed and fully open was investigated and found to have a minimal effect on the performance of the system.

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“…The effect of perforation characteristics on the well flow efficiency has been the subject of investigation over the past 60 years (Muskat 1943;Tariq 1987;Brooks 1997;Jamiolahmady et al 2006Jamiolahmady et al , 2007. Tariq's (1987) Darcy flow results are widely used as the basis of many well productivity calculations (Brooks 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tariq's (1987) Darcy flow results are widely used as the basis of many well productivity calculations (Brooks 1997). However, there are reports on lack of adequate accuracy at large perforation lengths and for non-Darcy cases, especially at high velocities (Behie and Settari 1993;Jamiolahmady et al 2006Jamiolahmady et al , 2007.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Velocity Flow in and Around Long Perforation Tunnels

2009

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In oil industries, wells are mostly cased and perforated rather than completing the producing formation as open-hole. This study concentrates on the steady-state flow behaviour of a single-phase fluid in and around perforated completion tunnels (up to 50 inches long) including inertial effects (Non-Darcy flow). It is shown that the pressure drop inside long perforated tunnels under high flow velocity conditions is negligible compared to that around the perforated region within the porous medium. The results also indicate that the impact of perforation parameters varies with increasing fluid velocity but approaches an asymptotic value at very high flow velocity. The perforation length is the most important parameter whereas perforation radius, rock and fluid properties have little impact on the perforation performance.

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Flow around a rock perforation surrounded by crushed zone: Experiments vs. theory

Cited by 19 publications

References 17 publications

A New, Accurate and Simple Model For Calculation of Horizontal Well Productivity in Gas and Gas Condensate Reservoirs

A New, Accurate and Simple Model For Calculation of Horizontal Well Productivity in Gas and Gas Condensate Reservoirs

Measurement and Modelling of Gas Condensate Flow Around Rock Perforation

High Velocity Flow in and Around Long Perforation Tunnels

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