Flow Birefringence of Viscose Solutions

Flow Birefringence in Solutions of Macromolecules.

“…Conner and Donnelly (30) have recently constructed an apparatus to measure the relaxation time of flow birefringence in concentrated viscose solutions. This apparatus is similar to that reported earlier by Gonsalves (72).…”

“…(i) For the case of free draining X may be approximated by 3ir/2. Since X is thus independent of molecular weight, equation 28 may be written as: (28) (29) -(tan a)0 = Ka-Z2 (30) where the factor (ii) For the case of partial draining (105a)…”

“…The apparatus devised by Gonsalves (72) and by Conner and Donnelly (30) for measuring relaxation times (see Section IV,C) has been used for studying concentrated solutions of viscose (cellulose xanthate). One of the most remarkable features in these measurements is that for most of the solutions there is only one relaxation time, r, measured.…”

“…In the graph are lumped data obtained for solutions having different aging times, different carbon disulfide contents, different press ratios, different sources of cellulose, and other differences described in detail by Conner and Donnelly (30). In figure 53 are plotted the dependence of the relaxation time, the birefringence, and the viscosity as a function of the shearing stress.…”