“…The above outlined methods for creating neuronal circuits in vitro are now increasingly being integrated with MEAs for electrophysiological interrogation, combining the advantageous spatial cell patterning capabilities and precise control of chemical cues provided by microfluidics with electrical stimulation and recording of neuronal networks. Throughout the years, several methodologies have been developed, from manual whole cell patch clamping in standard two‐chamber microfluidic devices (Jokinen et al., 2013), to tubeless devices based on capillary forces for drug delivery (Resto et al., 2017), to microfluidic planar patch clamp systems (Xu et al., 2014) with automated drug delivery (Yuan et al., 2016). However, it is the integration of microfluidics with MEA substrates, possibly due to the planarity of both technologies, that has produced higher‐throughput and innovative computational solutions.…”