Flow curves and deformation of materials at different temperatures and strain rates

Rao, K.P.; Doraivelu, S. M.; Gopinathan, V.

doi:10.1016/0378-3804(82)90020-1

Cited by 45 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Figure 4 shows the flow stress-strain curves for all of them. Both the well-known experimental curves of these materials taken from the literature (literature stress-strain experimental curves) [25][26][27][28][29]32,33,[35][36][37][38][39][40][41] and the theoretical ones proposed in this work that, as it can be seen in Figure 4, fit very close to the first ones. The values of constants , , and have been collected in Tables 1 and 2, the ranges of values used in the calculation of the total energy for all the parameters considered.…”

Section: Analytical Model Based In the Upper Bound Methodsmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Along the history of the analysis of metal forming processes, a great number of equations have been established in order to define the behaviour of work-hardening materials, especially in classical handbooks of mechanical testing [35], key journal articles about time-temperature relations in metals and alloys [36], and flow curves at different temperatures and strain rates [37], but also in handbooks of reference on metal forming [36,37]. In this work, the materials have been approached by theoretical work-hardening materials (TWH), whose effective flow stress-strain equations can be approached by…”

Section: Analytical Model Based In the Upper Bound Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Guidelines for Selecting Plugs Used in Thin-Walled Tube Drawing Processes of Metallic Alloys

Rubio¹,

Camacho²,

Pérez³

et al. 2017

Metals

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Abstract:In this paper, some practical guidelines to select the plug or set of plugs more adequate to carry out drawing processes of thin-walled tubes carried out with fixed conical inner plug are presented. For this purpose, the most relevant input parameters have been considered in this study: the tube material, the most important geometrical parameters of the process (die semiangle, α, and cross-sectional area reduction, r) and the friction conditions (Coulomb friction coefficients, µ 1 , between the die and the tube outer surface, and µ 2 , between the plug and the tube inner surface). Three work-hardening materials are analyzed: the annealed copper UNS C11000, the aluminum UNS A91100, and the stainless steel UNS S34000. The analysis is realized by means of the upper bound method (UBM), modelling the plastic deformation zone by triangular rigid zones (TRZ), under the validated assumption that the process occurs under plane strain conditions. The obtained results allow establishing, for each material, a group of geometrical parameters, friction conditions, a set of plugs that make possible to carry out the process under good conditions, and the optimum plug to carry out the process using the minimum amount of energy. The proposed model is validated by means of an own finite element analysis (FEA) carried out under different conditions and, in addition, by other finite element method (FEM) simulations and real experiments taken from other researchers found in the literature (called literature simulations and literature experimental results, respectively). As a main conclusion, it is possible to affirm that the plug that allows carrying out the process with minimum quantity of energy is cylindrical in most cases.

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Section: Analytical Model Based In the Upper Bound Methodsmentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Analytical Model Based In the Upper Bound Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidelines for Selecting Plugs Used in Thin-Walled Tube Drawing Processes of Metallic Alloys

Rubio¹,

Camacho²,

Pérez³

et al. 2017

Metals

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“…In general, the mathematical modeling of this behavior is not easy, because it involves many factors, such as grain structure, temperature, r-ate of deformation, impurities, and radiation [1,2]. Furthermore, it imposes additional difficulty in the analysis of the metal-forming processes, especially if they are studied by analytical methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many equations have been established throughout the history of the analysis of metal-forming processes to define the behavior of the work-hardening materials, as shown by Hollomon and Jaffe [5], Hill [6], Ludwik [7], Rowe [8], Avitzur [9][10][11], Hosford and Caddell [12], Johnson and Mellor [13], and Rao and his collaborators [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simplified Model for Assessing the Work-Hardening Effect in the Analysis of Plate Drawing Processes by Upper Bound Method

Rubio

Lobera

Marcos

et al. 2012

Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering

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This work presents an analysis of the plate drawing processes carried out in converging dies. The analysis has been made by the upper bound method (UBM), modeling the plastic deformation zone by triangular rigid zones (TRZ), and considering that the processes occur under plane strain and partial friction conditions. The goal is to evaluate how the work-hardening suffered by materials when they are cold-worked affects the energy required to carry out a certain process. In order to achieve this objective, the paper proposes a simplified model for calculating the shear yield stress, k, aiong the contact surface between die and material when theoretical work-hardening materiais are used. The results obtained with this simplified procedure do not differ significantly fi-om those obtained with the complete model, even in the more drastic conditions tried. This resuit confirms that the simplified model can successfully substitute for the complete model with less calculation.

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“…The deformation behaviour of the material may be studied using expensive and time consuming hot forming operations like rolling, forging or extrusion or simple laboratory tests like hot torsion, hot compression or hot tensile tests(1)- (3). In recent years, the hot compression test emerged as a preferred one, not only because the major metal forming processes like forging and extrusion are done under direct compression but also because the test is simple to conduct even at high temperatures and strain rates.…”

Section: An Understandingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deformation Behaviour of Al-5%Si Alloy at High Temperatures and Different Strain Rates

Rao

Doraivelu

Prasad³

1985

Trans. JIM

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The constitutive behaviour of Al-5% Si alloy has been studied in the temperature range 500-800 K and in the strain rate range 0.02-200s-1 in view of obtaining flow stress data andevaluating the mechanism of hot deformation. For this purpose, hot compression tests have been conducted on cylindrical specimens of the alloy. From the transient measurements of force, ram travel and temperature changes during deformation, the values of flow stress, true strain and strain ratehave been calculated. The kinetics of deformation has been described using standard kinetic rate equations. An apparent activation energy of 130 kJ/mol and an apparent activation volume in the range 10-200 b3 have been evaluated from the temperature and strain rate dependences of flow stress. It is suggested that at high temperatures and strain rates, the deformation takes place by cross-slip of screw dislocations.

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Flow curves and deformation of materials at different temperatures and strain rates

Cited by 45 publications

References 94 publications

Guidelines for Selecting Plugs Used in Thin-Walled Tube Drawing Processes of Metallic Alloys

Guidelines for Selecting Plugs Used in Thin-Walled Tube Drawing Processes of Metallic Alloys

A Simplified Model for Assessing the Work-Hardening Effect in the Analysis of Plate Drawing Processes by Upper Bound Method

Deformation Behaviour of Al-5%Si Alloy at High Temperatures and Different Strain Rates

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