Flow-cytometric algorithm on fine-needle aspirates for the clinical workup of patients with lymphadenopathy

Fine-needle cytology and flow cytometry immunophenotyping and subclassification of non-hodgkin lymphoma

“…Inadequate and suspicious case rates in the literature range from 4% to 30% 4,7,8,10,22 ; scant cellularity, necrosis, and excessive blood contamination are the most frequent causes of inadequate cases; as reported earlier, location in splanchnic organs or deeply located lymph nodes also contributed to this group because of the difficulty in performing two or more passes, as in FNCs of the spleen. 21 Moreover, most inadequate cases were obtained in the first year of the examiners' experience and decreased progressively with time.…”

“…1,4 -10 Although these advantages cannot be overemphasized, many enthusiastic reports were based on different 4,9,23,28,29 or the evaluation of FC and immunocytochemical data together. 6,24,30 Moreover, in some experiences reported in the literature, cytopathologists performed both FNC and FC 12,16,22 ; in other reports, FC was performed in different laboratories by immunohematologists. 1,2,10,13,28 These differences have generated heterogeneity of sample types and results.…”

“…19,21 The phenotype CD3ϩ, CD56ϩ, CD19Ϫ, CD10Ϫ/CD23Ϫ was specific for natural killer cell lymphoma. 22,25 In large cell and anaplastic NHL, the phenotype CD19ϩ, CD19/CD5Ϫ, CD19/CD10Ϫ, CD19/CD23Ϫ, CD38/ CD56Ϫ was observed the most frequently. In these cases, the diagnoses were reached on the basis of cytologic features, CD19 positivity, and light-chain restriction.…”

Cytologic findings of marginal zone lymphoma

“…[5][6][7][8][9][10][11]15 It has been shown repeatedly that FC is a useful tool for evaluating lymphoid FNAB specimens. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] All eight MZL specimens diagnosed by Young et al had concurrent FC, although specific details, such as the percentage of B-cells versus T-cells and K:L ratios, were not provided. 6 Their MZL specimens showed the expected phenotype of CD20 expression and absence of CD5, CD10, and CD23.…”

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma

“…This has been evidenced by studies showing that nonHodgkin lymphomas can be accurately diagnosed in cytologic specimens utilizing ancillary techniques such as immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry. 4,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] In the REAL classification, ATLL belongs to the category of peripheral T-cell and natural killer cell neoplasms. Although several reports of peripheral Tcell lymphoma have been published in the cytology literature, [33][34][35][36][37] we are aware of only a single cytologic study of T-cell lymphoma in HTLV-1 positive patients.…”