Flow cytometric analysis and optimisation for measuring phagocytosis in three Australian freshwater fish

Harford, Andrew J.; O’Halloran, Kathryn; Wright, Paul

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2005.07.005

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…On the other hand, spleen NbT reactive phagocytic cells exhibited higher values in fish treated with 0.05% of β-1,3/1,6 glucans during weeks 3 and 4 with respect to the others. The above findings are consistent with those reported by Rohlenová et al (2011) who have reported an association between the phagocytic activity measured with NbT stain reactive test and the increment of IS studied on carps Cyprinus carpio; this may be due to proliferation of B lymphocytes in the spleen; this organ when it is immunologically stimulated, increases its activity and size, and vice versa, when it is immunosuppressed it reduces its size (Harford et al, 2006). Considering weekly times that show an increment on immunological parameters mentioned before, it denotes that there is a similitude to what National Research Council (1992) reported categorizing the IS as a relevant immune parameter.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effect of β glucan dietary levels on immune response and hematology of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus juveniles

Sánchez‐Martínez

Rábago‐Castro

Vázquez‐Sauceda

et al. 2017

lajar

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ABSTRACT. Biological response modifiers such as pro and prebiotics have been recently used in aquaculture showing abilities as immunostimulants, enhancing resistance to different fungal, bacterial and parasitic pathogens and tolerance to environmental stress. This experiment evaluated three different concentrations (0.05, 0.1 and 0.5%) of β-1,3/1,6 glucans on nonspecific immune parameters of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus. Results showed that intake supplementation with 0.05% of β-1,3/1,6 glucans provides a greater immunostimulation over the fourth treatment week. Significant higher differences (P < 0.05) were obtained on parameters related to phagocytic activity on blood cells, also other assays showed more reactive cells to nitroblue tetrazolium (NbT) stain on spleen and head kidney analysis. We conclude that the use of 0.05% of β-1,3/1,6 glucans added to a commercial diet improves nonspecific immune system of channel catfish I. punctatus.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effect of β glucan dietary levels on immune response and hematology of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus juveniles

Sánchez‐Martínez

Rábago‐Castro

Vázquez‐Sauceda

et al. 2017

lajar

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“…Rainbowfish are popular ornamental fish and were originally found in Australia, New Guinea, and Indonesia. They are easy to rear in small aquariums and have been used in ecotoxicology studies (Humphrey & Klumpp 2003, Harford et al 2006. Although rainbowfish have not yet been recognized as vertebrate models, these fish seem to be good experimental hosts for betanodavirus studies because of their strong susceptibility to RGNNV (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of freshwater fish species for their susceptibility to a betanodavirus

Furusawa¹,

Okinaka²,

Uematsu³

et al. 2007

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Betanodaviruses, the causative agents of viral nervous necrosis in marine fish, have bipartite positive-sense RNA genomes. Because the genomes are the smallest and simplest among viruses, betanodaviruses have been well studied using a reversed genetics system as model viruses. However, studies of virus-host interactions have progressed slowly because permissive hosts for betanodaviruses (basically larvae and juveniles of marine fish) are only available for limited periods of the year and are not suitable for the construction of a genetic engineering system. To obtain a model fish species that are not subject to these problems, 21 freshwater fish species were injected intramuscularly with a betanodavirus (redspotted grouper nervous necrosis virus) and tested for their susceptibility to the virus. Based on their responses, the tested fish were classified into 3 groups: 4 susceptible fish, 10 less susceptible fish, and 7 resistant fish. The susceptible fish, celebes rainbowfish Telmatherina ladigesi, threadfin rainbowfish Iriatherina werneri, dwarf rainbowfish Melanotaenia praecox, and medaka Oryzias latipes, exhibited erratic swimming and eventually died within 10 d post-inoculation. The virus was specifically localized in the brains, spinal cords, and retinas of the infected fish, similar to the pattern of infection in naturally infected marine fish. We believe that these susceptible freshwater fish species could act as good host models for betanodavirus-fish interaction studies. KEY WORDS: Betanodavirus · Freshwater fish · Model fish · Experimental infection · Medaka · Rainbowfish Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 77: [119][120][121][122][123][124][125] 2007 tex and tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes, respectively, whereas BFNNV has been isolated from some coldwater species, such as barfin flounder Verasper moseri, Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus, and Atlantic halibut Hippoglossus hippoglossus. RGNNV has a broad host range and causes disease among a variety of warm water fish species, particularly groupers and sea bass (Munday et al. 2002).Betanodaviruses have key features as model viruses, as is also the case with the insect alphanodaviruses (Ball & Johnson 1998), the other genus of the family Nodaviridae. Betanodaviruses have one of the smallest genomes (4.5 kb in total) among the known viruses, which encode only 3 viral proteins (protein A, CP, and protein B2). Furthermore, a genetic engineering system has already been established based on a cDNAmediated infectious RNA transcription strategy (Iwamoto et al. 2001(Iwamoto et al. , 2004. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of virus multiplication is possible with betanodaviruses, using cultured cells (Frerichs et al. 1996, Chi et al. 1999, Iwamoto et al. 1999, 2000. However, studies of virus-host interactions have progressed slowly because of the limited availability of host fish. Betanodaviruses basically infect marine fish larvae and juveniles, which are only available for a few months of the...

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“…Flow cytometry was used to measure phagocytic activity of splenocytes from exposed Nile tilapia and the non-exposed control group, using a modification of the method of Harford et al [30]. Briefly, to determine phagocytic activity, spleen cells (1 Â 10 6 cells ml À1 ) were incubated with fluorescent FITC latex beads (1 mm, Polysciences Inc., Warrington, PA, USA) at a ratio of 1:12 (phagocyte: latex beads).…”

Section: Evaluation Of Phagocytosis By Flow Cytometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress in macrophages from spleen of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to sublethal concentration of endosulfan

Téllez‐Bañuelos

Santerre

Casas‐Solís

et al. 2009

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

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Flow cytometric analysis and optimisation for measuring phagocytosis in three Australian freshwater fish

Cited by 20 publications

References 20 publications

Effect of β glucan dietary levels on immune response and hematology of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus juveniles

Effect of β glucan dietary levels on immune response and hematology of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus juveniles

Screening of freshwater fish species for their susceptibility to a betanodavirus

Oxidative stress in macrophages from spleen of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to sublethal concentration of endosulfan

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