Flow‐Driven Triboelectric Generator for Directly Powering a Wireless Sensor Node

Wang, Shuhua; Mu, Xiaojing; Yang, Ya; Sun, Chengliang; Gu, Yuandong; Wang, Zhong Lin

doi:10.1002/adma.201403944

Cited by 174 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…As an alternative design of the TPT, a CEH is fabricated by integrating the fi eld-effect phototransistor and a wind driven TENG for simultaneously scavenging solar and wind energies, which is schematically illustrated in Figure 3 a. The wind driven TENG consists of two copper foils in top and bottom of a cuboid acrylic tube, respectively, and a FEP fi lm in the middle of them, [ 30,31 ] which is in dimensions of 3.0 × 3.0 × 5.0 cm 3 . One side of the FEP fi lm is on an acrylic sheet at the middle of the end surface of the tube, while the other side is freestanding.…”

Section: Structure and Principle Of The Tpt As A Cehmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribotronic Phototransistor for Enhanced Photodetection and Hybrid Energy Harvesting

Zhang

Xiang

et al. 2016

Adv Funct Materials

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wileyonlinelibrary.comAs a three-way coupling effect among semiconductor, piezoelectricity, and photoexcitation, the piezo-phototronic effect was fi rst proposed in 2010 [ 6 ] and has demonstrated strain-enhanced light-emitting diodes, [ 7,8 ] photodetectors, [ 9,10 ] and photocells [ 11,12 ] by modulating the charge carrier transport, separation, or recombination through strain-induced piezoelectric polarization charges. Recently, the invention of a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has provided not only sustainable power sources [13][14][15][16][17] and self-powered devices, [18][19][20] but also proposed triboelectric-charge-controlled devices [21][22][23] and opened up a new research fi eld of tribotronics. [ 24,25 ] Since 2014, various tribotronic devices have been studied using the electrostatic potential created by triboelectrifi cation as a "gate" voltage to tune/control charge carrier transport in the semiconductor. [26][27][28][29] By further introducing optoelectronics, the tribotronic light-emitting diode has been developed as an adjustable electroluminescent device, [ 27 ] which has prompted the adjustable photoelectric conversion devices to be highly expected for enhancing the photoelectric conversion performance by triboelectrifi cation.Here in this work, we proposed a tribotronic phototransistor (TPT) by coupling a fi eld-effect phototransistor and a TENG, in which the contact-induced inner gate voltage by the mobile frictional layer is used for modulating the photoelectric characteristics of the TPT. Based on the TPT, a coupled energy-harvester (CEH) as an alternative design is fabricated by coupling the fi eld-effect phototransistor and a wind driven TENG for simultaneously scavenging solar and wind energies, in which the output voltage on the external resistance from the wind driven TENG is used as the gate voltage of the TPT for enhancing the solar energy conversion with the increase of the wind speed. With the adjustability and enhancement by triboelectrifi cation, the TPT has greatly expanded the functionality of tribotronics in photodetection and energy harvesting, and provided a potential solution for highly effi cient harvesting and utilizing the multitype energy. Principles and Characteristics Structure of the TPTThe structure of the TPT is composed of a back-gate silicon-oninsulator (SOI) fi eld-effect phototransistor and a mobile layer, as schematically illustrated in Figure 1 a. In the fabrication of Tribotronic Phototransistor for Enhanced Photodetection and Hybrid Energy HarvestingChi Zhang , Zhao Hua Zhang , Xiang Yang , Tao Zhou , Chang Bao Han , and Zhong Lin Wang * Tribotronics is a new fi eld developed by coupling triboelectricity and semiconductor, which can drive triboelectric-charge-controlled optoelectronic devices by further introducing optoelectronics. In this paper, a tribotronic phototransistor (TPT) is proposed by coupling a fi eld-effect phototransistor and a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), in which the contact-induced inner gate voltage by the mobile friction...

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Section: Structure and Principle Of The Tpt As A Cehmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribotronic Phototransistor for Enhanced Photodetection and Hybrid Energy Harvesting

Zhang

Xiang

et al. 2016

Adv Funct Materials

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“…Compared with the TENG, the decreased voltage value of the TPiENG may arise from the cancellation between the two effects of TENG and PiENG during the high-frequency vibration. According to our previous work on the air-driven nanogenerator, [31] the output performance of the TPiENG could be further enhanced through size optimization. From Figure 3i, it can be seen that the maximum output power of 44 nW is obtained for the TPiENG at matched load of 8 kΩ.…”

Section: Wileyonlinelibrarycommentioning

confidence: 99%

A One‐Structure‐Based Piezo‐Tribo‐Pyro‐Photoelectric Effects Coupled Nanogenerator for Simultaneously Scavenging Mechanical, Thermal, and Solar Energies

Zhang

Wang

Yang

2016

Advanced Energy Materials

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By integration of a PyENG, a PVC, and a triboelectric-piezoelectric nanogenerator (TPiENG) into one device and the same output electrodes, the multi-effects coupled nanogenerator is able to individually/simultaneously scavenge the thermal, solar, and mechanical energies. As compared with the individual TPiENG, both the individual PyENG and individual PVC have the much higher output voltage but much smaller output current. The multi-effects coupled nanogenerator combines the advantages of all the individual units, which can generate electricity with a large peak current of ≈5 µA, a high peak voltage of ≈80 V, and a high platform voltage of ≈50 V. The multi-effects coupled nanogenerator of "PyENG + PVC + TPiENG" exhibits the best charging performance and a 10 µF capacitor can be easily charged to 5.1 V in 90 s, which is prospective for maximizing energy scavenging from the surrounding environments. Solar, mechanical, and thermal energies are commonly available in our surrounding environment, either existing alone or coexist. Combining the integration of various energy harvesters and the couple of multiple energy sources, that is, the coupled technology toward multi-energy scavenging (Figure 1a), represents a newly rising field in energy research. Based on piezo-tribo-pyro-photoelectric effects, we design a one-structure-based multi-effects coupled nanogenerator, as illustrated in Figure 1b. The nanogenerator is mainly composed of three parts: PZT block, which is the piezoelectric, pyroelectric, and photoelectric active material; polyamide (nylon), which not only acts as the flexible vibrating film to introduce triboelectrification with fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) film but also applies strain to neighboring PZT during vibration; a thin silver (Ag) film under the PZT for the bottom electrode and a thin indium tin oxide (ITO) film combined with Ag nanowires/ polydimethylsiloxane (AgNWs/PDMS) film were introduced for the top electrode. In final, a thermoelectric (TE) module supported by a radiator provides the temperature adjunction of the device. Detailed fabrication process of the nanogenerator is given in the Experimental Section. Figure 1c presents a photo of the fabricated one-structure-based coupled nanogenerator. Anyhow, the multi-effects coupled nanogenerator integrates the PyENG, the PVC, and the TPiENG into one device and the same output electrodes. Thus, it can be used to simultaneously or individually scavenge the thermal, solar, and mechanical energies whenever and wherever one or all of the energy resources are available. From scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image of the AgNWs (Figure 1d), it can be seen that the lengths of as-prepared AgNWs are in the range of 5-15 µm, accompanied by an aspect ratio of ≈100. The dense and staggered AgNWs network ensures the conductivity of top electrode, while the cross-linked PDMS film makes the AgNWs network mechanically robust. [24] With growing interest in self-powered micro/nanosystems, energy harvesters based on various mechanisms have been widely studi...

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“…TEG, as one type of electrostatic energy harvester, has undergone rather extensive research in recent years [13][14][15][16][17]. It has garnered much interest due to its high power density and power conversion efficiency [14,17] as well as its potential applications in wireless systems [18,19], portable electronics [20,21], active sensors [22][23][24] and biomedical systems [25]. By far, these devices' output performance is mainly enhanced by nano, micro, or micronano dual-sized structures [20,[25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A flexible large-area triboelectric generator by low-cost roll-to-roll process for location-based monitoring

Cheng

Song

Han

et al. 2016

Sensors and Actuators A: Physical

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Flow‐Driven Triboelectric Generator for Directly Powering a Wireless Sensor Node

Cited by 174 publications

References 26 publications

Tribotronic Phototransistor for Enhanced Photodetection and Hybrid Energy Harvesting

Tribotronic Phototransistor for Enhanced Photodetection and Hybrid Energy Harvesting

A One‐Structure‐Based Piezo‐Tribo‐Pyro‐Photoelectric Effects Coupled Nanogenerator for Simultaneously Scavenging Mechanical, Thermal, and Solar Energies

A flexible large-area triboelectric generator by low-cost roll-to-roll process for location-based monitoring

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