Flow field downstream of individual aquatic plants—Experiments in a natural river with <scp><i>Potamogeton crispus</i></scp> L. and <scp><i>Myriophyllum spicatum</i></scp> L.

Przyborowski, Łukasz; Łoboda, Anna Maria; Bialik, Robert J.; Västilä, Kaisa

doi:10.1002/hyp.13403

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In the Halswell river it is likely that fine sediment was preferentially transported down flow paths between the dense vegetation, then laterally transported and/or diffused into the dense stands of vegetation where accumulation was observed. This is a similar configuration of vegetation, flow and sedimentation to Cotton et al (2006) and Box et al (2019), rather than the isolated vegetation patches of Sand‐Jensen (1998), Biggs et al (2019) and Przyborowski et al (2019). At the study sites of Cotton et al (2006) an accumulation of 6–16 cm of fine sediment was reported within dense macrophyte stands.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Interactions between aquatic vegetation, hydraulics and fine sediment: A case study in the Halswell River, New Zealand

Biggs

Haddadchi

Hicks

2021

Hydrological Processes

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This paper contributes a field study of suspended sediment transport through aquatic vegetation. The study was run over a 3 month period which was selected to coincide with scheduled weed cutting activities. This provided the opportunity to obtain data points with no vegetation cover, as well as to investigate the effects of weed cutting on Suspended Sediment Concentrations (SSC), particle size distributions and river hydraulics. Aquatic vegetation cover was quantified through remote sensing with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and biomass estimated from ground truth sampling. SSC was highly dependent on aquatic vegetation abundance, and the distance upstream that had been cleared of aquatic vegetation. The data indicates that fine sediment was being trapped and stored by aquatic vegetation, then likely remobilised after vegetation removal. Investigation of suspended sediment spatial dynamics illustrated changes in particle size distribution due to preferential settling of coarse particles within aquatic vegetation, for example D50 decreased from 36.08 μm to 15.64 μm after suspended sediment travelled 304.2 m downstream and passed ~3700 kg of aquatic vegetation biomass. Hydraulic resistance in the study reach (parameterized by Manning's n) dropped by over 70% following vegetation cutting. Prior to cutting hydraulic resistance was discharge dependent (likely due to vegetation pronating at higher flows), while post cutting hydraulic resistance was approximately invariant of discharge. Aerial surveying captured interesting changes in aquatic vegetation cover prior to vegetation cutting, where some very dense regions of aquatic vegetation were naturally removed (without any high flow events) leaving behind unvegetated riverbed and fine sediment. The weed cutting boat had a lower impact on SSC than was originally expected, which indicates that it may offer a less damaging solution to aquatic vegetation removal in rivers than some other approaches such as mechanical excavation. This paper contributes valuable field data (which are generally scarce) on the research topic of flow‐vegetation‐sediment interactions, to supplement laboratory and numerical studies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Interactions between aquatic vegetation, hydraulics and fine sediment: A case study in the Halswell River, New Zealand

Biggs

Haddadchi

Hicks

2021

Hydrological Processes

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“…In a similar way as by Przyborowski et al [61], results obtained in this study may be referred to hydromorphological changes, in the analyzed case connected with transport and sedimentation of fine organic particles. The presence of plants has a considerable effect on the above-mentioned processes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Modeling of River Channel Shading as a Factor for Changes in Hydromorphological Conditions of Small Lowland Rivers

Kałuża

Sojka

Wróżyński

et al. 2020

Water

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The ecological water quality in rivers and streams is influenced both by the morphological factors (within the watercourse channel and by the dynamic factors associated with flow), as well as biological factors (connected with the flora and fauna characteristic of its specific area). This paper presents an analysis of the effect of river channel shading by trees and shrubs on hydromorphological changes in a selected reach of the Wełna River, Poland. The analysis was conducted on two adjacent cross-sections (one in a reach lined with trees, the other in an open area with no tree or shrub vegetation). Data were collected during field surveys in the years 2014 and 2019. According to the Water Framework Directive, the Wełna River represents a watercourse with small and average-sized watershed areas, with sand being the dominant substrate of the river bottom. Flow volume, distributions of velocity in the sections, as well as substrate grain-size characteristics and river bottom morphology, were determined based on field measurements. In the study, the leaf area index (LAI) of vegetation was measured in the reach lined with trees, while the number and species composition of macrophytes were determined in the investigated river reaches. Moreover, a digital surface model (DSM) and Geoinformation Information System GIS tools were used to illustrate variability in shading within the tree-lined reach. The DSM model was based on Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) data. The results of this study enable us to establish the relationship between river shading by vegetation covering the bank zone, and changes in hydromorphological parameters of the river channel.

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“…The growth and community dynamics of submerged macrophytes are influenced by both biotic and abiotic factors, such as light availability, water temperature, nutrient concentrations in both the water and the sediments, and water flow [7,39,40]. The life history-related parameters of aquatic plants will change with the changing circumstances to avoid or resist in order to reduce the potentially negative effects from the adverse environmental conditions [41][42][43][44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Sediments Phosphorus Inactivation on the Life Strategies of Myriophyllum spicatum: Implications for Lake Restoration

Lin

Zhong

Yu³

et al. 2021

Water

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Eutrophication often results in the loss of submerged vegetation in shallow lakes and turns the lake to be a turbid state. Recovery of submerged macrophytes is the key in the restoration of shallow eutrophic lakes to create a clear water state. However, internal loading control was considered as the critical process for the recovery of submerged macrophytes in shallow lakes after the external nutrient reduction. Phoslock® (Lanthanum modified bentonite) is a useful passivation material in controlling the internal loadings (release of phosphorus from the sediments), which was applied to restore the eutrophic lakes. However, the effects of Phoslock® on the growth and life strategies of submerged macrophytes are less focused so far. In the present study, we studied the responses in the growth and morphological characteristics of Myriophyllum spicatum to the addition of Phoslock® to the sediments. Our results showed that the addition of Phoslock® significantly decreased the contents of bioavailable forms of phosphorus in the sediments, such as redox-sensitive phosphorus bound to Fe and Mn compounds (BD–P), phosphorus bound to aluminum (Al–P) and organic phosphorus (Org–P). However, the concentration of the non-bioavailable forms of phosphorus in the sediments, such as calcium bound phosphorus (Ca–P), increased significantly in the Phoslock® treatments compared with the controls. At the end of the experiments, the total biomass, aboveground biomass and relative growth rate (RGR) of M. spicatum decreased significantly in the Phoslock® mesocosms compared with the controls. In contrast, the wet root biomass, root–shoot biomass ratio, root numbers and root length of M. spicatum were significantly higher in the Phoslock® treatments than that in the controls. Our results indicated that the growth of M. spicatum was suppressed by the addition of Phoslock®, and thus the biomass was decreased; however, the increase of root biomass might be beneficial to the inhibition of phosphorus release and resuspension of sediments and to the restoration of the lake ecosystem.

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Flow field downstream of individual aquatic plants—Experiments in a natural river with Potamogeton crispus L. and Myriophyllum spicatum L.

Cited by 12 publications

References 46 publications

Interactions between aquatic vegetation, hydraulics and fine sediment: A case study in the Halswell River, New Zealand

Interactions between aquatic vegetation, hydraulics and fine sediment: A case study in the Halswell River, New Zealand

Modeling of River Channel Shading as a Factor for Changes in Hydromorphological Conditions of Small Lowland Rivers

Effects of Sediments Phosphorus Inactivation on the Life Strategies of Myriophyllum spicatum: Implications for Lake Restoration

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