Flow injection spectrophotometric determination of iron(III) using diphenylamine-4-sulfonic acid sodium salt

Abstract

A highly sensitive and very simple spectrophotometric flow-injection analysis (FIA) method for the determination of iron(III) at low concentration levels is presented. The method is based on the measurement of absorbance intensity of the red complex at 410 nm formed by iron(III) and diphenylamine-4-sulfonic acid sodium salt (DPA-4-SA). It is a simple, highly sensitive, fast, and low cost alternative method using the color developing reagent DPA-4-SA in acetate buffer at pH 5.50 and the flow-rate of 1 mL min−1 with the sample throughput of 60 h−1. The method provided a linear determination range between 5 μg L−1 and 200 μg L−1 with the detection limit (3S) of 1 μg L−1 of iron(III) using the injection volume of 20 μL. FIA variables influencing the system performance were optimized. The amount of iron(III) and total iron in river and seawater samples was successfully determined. Repeatability of the measurements was satisfactory at the relative standard deviation of 3.5 % for 5 determinations of 10 μg L−1 iron(III). The accuracy of the method was evaluated using the standard addition method and checked by the analysis of the certified material Std Zn/Al/Cu 43 XZ3F.

Graphene oxide-assisted synthesis of bismuth nanosheets for catalytic stripping voltammetric determination of iron in coastal waters

“…So, the quantitative determination of total dissolved iron is important for biology as well as the environment. Many techniques have been developed to detect and quantify iron such as atomic absorption spectrometry [7], inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) [8], inductively coupled optical emission spectrometry [9], flow injection analysis [10] and fluorescence [11]. However, most analytical methods are based on relatively expensive instrument.…”

Voltammetric determination of total dissolved iron in coastal waters using a glassy carbon electrode modified with reduced graphene oxide, Methylene Blue and gold nanoparticles

“…Therefore, accurate determination of iron in natural water is of significant interest because of its abundance and variable oxidation states in the environment. Many analytical methods such as spectrophotometry and flow injection analysis [7], Fluorescence [8], electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry [9], inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry [10], inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry [11], chemiluminescence [12], and electrochemical methods [13,14] have been developed for the determination of iron. Although the spectrophotometric methods have been widely used, the size and weight of the instruments limit their use for in situ experiments.…”

Flow-Injection Spectrophotometric Analysis of Iron (II), Iron (III) and Total Iron

“…When trace levels of the iron are concerned, the detection methods applicable are reduced (Tarafder et al, 2005;Weeks & Bruland, 2002;Giokas et al, 2002;Themelis et al, 2001;Bagheri et al, 2000;Pascual-Reguera et al, 1997;Teshima et al, 1996;Tesfaldet et al, 2004;Udnan et al, 2004;Pojanagaroon et al, 2002;van Staden & Kluever, 1998;Asan et al, , 2008Andac at al., 2009). Flow-injection analysis, as a rapid and precise technique, has found wide application in the determination of iron in several sample matrices (Bowie A.R., et al 1998;Hirata S., et al 1999;Qin W., et al 1998;Kass M., et al 2002;Saitoh K., et al 1998;Weeks D.A., et al 2002;Giokas D.L., et al 2002;Themelis D.G., et al 2001;Bagheri H., et al 2000;Molina-Diaz A., et al 1998;Teshima N., et al 1996).…”