Flow-Injection Spectrophotometric Determination of Micro Amounts of Sulfate Ion in Surface- and Sea-Water Samples with a Barium Chromate Reaction Column

Sakuragawa, Akio; Nakayama, Satoshi; Okutani, Takashi

doi:10.2116/analsci.10.77

Cited by 19 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Ueno et al proposed an on-line reactor column packed with spherical beads of regenerated cellulose mixing with barium chloranilate particles for the flow injection determination of sulfate [17]. Sakuragawa et al proposed an on-line reactor column packed with solid barium chromate [18]: sulfate ion at the concentration range of 0.5 to 5 mg/l in water samples was determined. The detection limit, however, was about 0.5 mg/l, which was not sensitive enough for trace analyses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow injection spectrophotometry coupled with a crushed barium sulfate reactor column for the determination of sulfate ion in water samples*1

Burakham

Higuchi²,

Oshima

et al. 2004

Talanta

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A new type of a reactor column, a crushed BaSO4 reactor column used for the flow injection spectrophotometric determination of sulfate using the exchange reaction of sulfate and barium-dimethylsulfonazo III is proposed. The column is very simple and economical. It can be continuously used for 8 h before washing with water for reuse of at least 1 month. The procedure is sensitive. Application to various water samples was demonstrated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow injection spectrophotometry coupled with a crushed barium sulfate reactor column for the determination of sulfate ion in water samples*1

Burakham

Higuchi²,

Oshima

et al. 2004

Talanta

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show abstract

“…The resulting mixture was then centrifuged at 13,400× g for 10 min, and the absorbance of the supernatant was measured at 420 nm. The sulfate content was determined based on a prepared Na 2 SO 4 standard curve [29].…”

Section: Analysis By Qrt-pcr and Determination Of Sulfur-containing C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Unveils the Mechanisms of Response in Feather Degradation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Gxun-7

Song,

Liu,

Yin

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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Microbial degradation of feathers offers potential for bioremediation, yet the microbial response mechanisms warrant additional investigation. In prior work, Pseudomonas aeruginosa Gxun-7, which demonstrated robust degradation of feathers at elevated concentrations, was isolated. However, the molecular mechanism of this degradation remains only partially understood. To investigate this, we used RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to examine the genes that were expressed differentially in P. aeruginosa Gxun-7 when exposed to 25 g/L of feather substrate. The RNA-seq analysis identified 5571 differentially expressed genes; of these, 795 were upregulated and 603 were downregulated. Upregulated genes primarily participated in proteolysis, amino acid, and pyruvate metabolism. Genes encoding proteases, as well as those involved in sulfur metabolism, phenazine synthesis, and type VI secretion systems, were notably elevated, highlighting their crucial function in feather decomposition. Integration of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) taxonomies, combined with a review of the literature, led us to propose that metabolic feather degradation involves environmental activation, reducing agent secretion, protease release, peptide/amino acid uptake, and metabolic processes. Sulfite has emerged as a critical activator of keratinase catalysis, while cysteine serves as a regulatory mediator. qRT–PCR assay results for 11 selected gene subset corroborated the RNA-seq findings. This study enhances our understanding of the transcriptomic responses of P. aeruginosa Gxun-7 to feather degradation and offers insights into potential degradation mechanisms, thereby aiding in the formulation of effective feather waste management strategies in poultry farming.

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“…The sulphate content was determined by barium chromate spectrophotometry [ 50 ]. Briefly, the reaction mixture was 100 μL of culture supernatant, 400 μL of H 2 O and 250 μL of BaCrO 4.…”

Section: Optimisation Of Fermentation Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and identification of a feather degrading Bacillus tropicus strain Gxun-17 from marine environment and its enzyme characteristics

et al. 2022

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Background Feathers are the most abundant agricultural waste produced by poultry farms. The accumulation of a large number of feathers not only seriously pollutes the environment but also causes the waste of protein resources. The degradation of feather waste by keratinase-producing strains is currently a promising method. Therefore, screening high-producing keratinase strains from marine environment and studying the fermentation conditions, enzymatic properties and feather degradation mechanism are crucial for efficient degradation of feathers. Results A novel efficient feather-degrading bacteria, Gxun-17, isolated from the soil sample of a marine duck farm of Beibu Gulf in Guangxi, China, was identified as Bacillus tropicus. The optimum fermentation conditions were obtained by single factor and orthogonal tests as follows: feather concentration of 15 g/L, maltose concentration of 10.0 g/L, MgSO4 concentration of 0.1 g/L, initial pH of 7.0 and temperature of 32.5 °C. The strain completely degraded the feathers within 48 h, and the highest keratinase activity was 112.57 U/mL, which was 3.18-fold that obtained with the basic medium (35.37 U/mL). Detecting the keratinase activity and the content of sulphur-containing compounds in the fermentation products showed that the degradation of feathers by the strain might be a synergistic effect of the enzyme and sulphite. The keratinase showed optimal enzyme activity at pH 7.0 and temperature of 60 °C. The keratinase had the best performance on the casein substrate. When casein was used as the substrate, the Km and Vmax values were 15.24 mg/mL and 0.01 mg/(mL·min), respectively. Mg2+, Ca2+, K+, Co2+, Al3+, phenylmethylsulphonyl fluoride and isopropanol inhibited keratinase activity, which indicated that it was a serine keratinase. Conversely, the keratinase activity strongly increased with the addition of Mn2+ and β-mercaptoethanol. Conclusions A novel feather-degrading B. tropicus Gxun-17 was obtained from marine environment. The strain adapted the extreme conditions such as low temperature, high salt and high pressure. Thus, the keratinase had high activity, wide range of temperature and pH, salt tolerance and other characteristics, which had potential application value.

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Flow-Injection Spectrophotometric Determination of Micro Amounts of Sulfate Ion in Surface- and Sea-Water Samples with a Barium Chromate Reaction Column

Cited by 19 publications

References 9 publications

Flow injection spectrophotometry coupled with a crushed barium sulfate reactor column for the determination of sulfate ion in water samples*1

Flow injection spectrophotometry coupled with a crushed barium sulfate reactor column for the determination of sulfate ion in water samples*1

A Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Unveils the Mechanisms of Response in Feather Degradation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Gxun-7

Isolation and identification of a feather degrading Bacillus tropicus strain Gxun-17 from marine environment and its enzyme characteristics

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