Flow

Csíkszentmihályi, Mihály; Abuhamdeh, Sami; Nakamura, Jeanne

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9088-8_15

Cited by 314 publications

(225 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Flow According to Csikszentmihalyi, Abuhamdeh, Nakamura (2005), in fact persons talk about flow whenever they are completely engaged in doing a task as if they forget about everything around them that is a kind of subjective characteristic of the flow. A sort of feeling that we experience during playing our favorite game or reading a book that we are interested in.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A sort of feeling that we experience during playing our favorite game or reading a book that we are interested in. Influential and deep connection in a certain task so that a person can feel every second of it can be regarded as flow as well (Csikszentmihalyi, Abuhamdeh, Nakamura, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Absorption and attentiveness are entirely provided in doing a task other than forgetting the time. Consequently, people intensely absorb in an action normally talk about rapid passages of time (Csikszentmihalyi, Abuhamdeh, Nakamura, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring Flow Theory in TOEFL Texts: Expository and Argumentative Genre

Azizi¹,

Ghonsooly²

2015

JLTR

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Abstract-The present study attempts to examine optimal experience of test takers in Expository and Argumentative Genres of TOEFL texts. Flow theory was originally used by Csikszentmihalyi in 1970 to represent "optimal experience" that is characterized by intense focus, control, interest and skill challenge balance which leads to enhanced performance on a task, and provides the basis for peak performance. Different researchers have examined Flow in different fields of studies as sports, music and surgery but there has been less attention toward International proficiency tests like TOEFL. This study tries to examine the role of genre which creates more flow in text readers of TOEFL. So, two different texts from a TOEFL actual test with different genres were chosen. Then, 33 participants who were MA English students were asked to read the texts and fill out the Flow perception Questionnaire (Egbert, 2003) in the Likert format to report their perceptions of flow. By calculating mean of both texts, it was indicated that the Expository genre creates more flow in readers. In addition, to get more information, two participants were interviewed to shed more lights into findings.Index Terms-concept of flow, sense of control, flow and motivation, expository and argumentative genres

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring Flow Theory in TOEFL Texts: Expository and Argumentative Genre

Azizi¹,

Ghonsooly²

2015

JLTR

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“…In the process, Linux has been making headway against much more formidable competitors such as Microsoft who have to pay their programmers to write software -a clear example of emergent intrinsic rewards actually trumping extrinsic rewards. (Csikszentmihalyi, Abuhamdeh, & Nakamura, 2005) This statement gives a psychologically adequate explanation of a wellknown situation on the software market. A recent work by Luthiger and Jungwirth (2007) shows that open source programmers report fun, or enjoyment, as we have called it, to be inherent to their work, and they provide such reports significantly more often as compared with the developers of commercial software.…”

Section: Theoretical and Practical Reasons For Psychological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Flow Experience in Cyberspace: Current Studies and Perspectives

Voiskounsky¹

2008

Psychological Aspects of Cyberspace

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“…The theory of flow states emerged from a study investigating what motivates athletes, musicians, artists and chess players in the absence of extrinsic rewards (Csikszentmihalyi, Abuhamdeh, & Nakamura, 2014). Flow is highly relevant to the player experience, as video games are highly effective at facilitating flow states (Sweetser & Wyeth, 2005).…”

Section: Flow and Intrinsic Rewardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Video Game Reward Types and The Player Experience

Phillips¹

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The complexity of video games is growing rapidly, with new game genres and game mechanics emerging. To keep pace with this, a broadly defined and widely applicable framework is needed to increase our understanding of how video game rewards impact the player experience. However, very few such frameworks exist, and those that do tend to be based on their authors' experience with video games. This thesis aimed to create a new typology for examining video game rewards in a meaningful and applicable way. A mixed-methods approach was used to iteratively develop a new video game reward typology. First, existing methods for classifying video game rewards were identified, trialled and revised. A set of focus groups was then conducted to explore the applicability of the existing and revised video game reward typologies to video games.Two card-sorting activities were then undertaken to test the applicability of the existing and revised video game reward typologies. This indicated that the revised video game reward typology was a more useful tool for classifying video game rewards.A purpose-built video game was then developed to determine the impact of eight video game reward conditions on the player experience in an online experiment. While we did not find a distinct difference between individual reward types, we did find that the diversity of video game reward types present in the experiment affected enjoymentbeing exposed to the full range of video game reward types led to greater enjoyment than exposure to only one individual reward type or to no rewards. This confirms that video game developers should aim to include a breadth of video game rewards in their game designs to maximise player enjoyment. Beyond this, we also found that reward responsiveness plays an important role in facilitating enjoyment-participants with higher levels of trait reward responsiveness enjoyed all versions of the game more than participants with lower levels of trait reward responsiveness. This result indicates that player experience investigations should consider player traits to gain a holistic understanding of how relevant constructs impact the player experience.This thesis has resulted in the development of a video game reward typology that can be used to accelerate understanding of video game rewards; it has also contributed to knowledge of how video game reward types impact the player experience. The contributions of this work thus have implications for both video game researchers and video game development practitioners.

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Flow

Cited by 314 publications

References 35 publications

Exploring Flow Theory in TOEFL Texts: Expository and Argumentative Genre

Exploring Flow Theory in TOEFL Texts: Expository and Argumentative Genre

Flow Experience in Cyberspace: Current Studies and Perspectives

Video Game Reward Types and The Player Experience

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