Flow Loop Tests on a Novel Hydrate Inhibitor to be Deployed in the North Sea ETAP Field

Palermo, Thierry; Argo, Carl B.; Goodwin, Stephen; Henderson, AD

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06790.x

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For that velocity range, roughly between 1 m/s and the maximum velocity in the loop the friction factor is constant and does not depend on velocity. This is completely in agreement with Nikuradse work and its correlation showing that for large velocity, the friction factor is imposed by the pipe roughness: (15) In the two sets of experiments, the same flow loop is used with the same test tube. In this condition, the roughness of the pipe wall is the same or at least quite close and so f should be the same or very close for all the experiments done.…”

Section: Variation Of F With Water Cutsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Potentiality of LDHI has been highlighted under field conditions [13,14]. Three fields of the Eastern Trough Area Project (ETAP) in the United Kingdom Central North Sea are currently operating using KI [15]. The Popeye field has used the AA technology [16] and several other projects of AA are studied in Gulf of Mexico and North Sea [17].…”

Section: New Options: Ldhi And/or Natural Surfactantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Rheological and Flow Properties of Gas Hydrate Suspensions

Sinquin

Palermo

Peysson

2004

Oil & Gas Science and Technology - Rev. IFP

162

128

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Résumé -Étude de la rhéologie et des propriétés d'écoulement de suspensions d'hydrate de gaz -La production d'effluents en offshore profond pose un problème important de formation de particules d'hydrate de gaz. En effet, celles-ci peuvent conduire à un bouchage des lignes. Il est primordial de maîtriser cet aspect pour produire ces champs par grande profondeur d'eau. L'article présente différentes actions originales de l'IFP sur le contrôle des écoulements d'hydrate de gaz. Les développements d'additifs « antiagglomérant » ou la présence de tensioactifs naturels permettant de maintenir une dispersion des cristaux d'hydrate sont très prometteurs pour les champs complexes où les techniques classiques de prévention, comme l'isolation ou l'injection de méthanol, deviennent très difficiles. L'apparition de particules solides dans la phase liquide modifie les conditions d'écoulement. La perte de charge est contrôlée d'une part par le coefficient de friction pour les écoulements turbulents et par la viscosité apparente de la suspension pour le régime laminaire. Dans une première partie, les propriétés rhéologiques des suspensions d'hydrate sont analysées en fonction de la phase huile. Des expériences en boucle d'écoulement permettent, dans une seconde partie, d'examiner l'effet des particules d'hydrate sur le coefficient de frottement turbulent. L'effet dû à la présence de particules d'hydrate est analysé en termes de comportement rhéologique du système en régime laminaire et en termes de modification du coefficient de frottement en régime turbulent. Abstract -Rheological and Flow Properties of Gas Hydrate Suspensions

show abstract

Section: Variation Of F With Water Cutsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: New Options: Ldhi And/or Natural Surfactantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheological and Flow Properties of Gas Hydrate Suspensions

Sinquin

Palermo

Peysson

2004

Oil & Gas Science and Technology - Rev. IFP

162

128

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Offshore gas fields are observed to exhibit a varying degree of subcooling depending on the location, gas/oil phases handle, etc. For example, BP’s West Sole/Hyde 69-km wet gas pipeline had maximum subcooling of 8 K and the subcooling of the offshore project in the North Sea was 4–8 K. − Thus, morphology changes must be observed and understood with different hydrate inhibitors under various subcooling temperatures. Different subcooling temperatures of 4, 6, and 8 K were chosen for investigation of hydrate formation in MeOH/NaCl and MEG/NaCl solutions.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology Study on the Effect of Thermodynamic Inhibitors during Methane Hydrate Formation in the Presence of NaCl

Kim

Veluswamy

Seo

et al. 2018

Crystal Growth & Design

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, we investigate the morphology of methane hydrate formation and growth in the presence of wellknown thermodynamic inhibitors, monoethylene glycol (MEG) and methanol (MeOH) in a quiescent system. Morphology changes observed during the growth of methane hydrate while employing 5 wt % MEG and MeOH solutions in the presence and absence of NaCl are presented. When 5 wt % of MEG or MeOH was present in an aqueous solution individually, hydrate grew predominantly within the bulk solution featuring a "ridge"-shaped formation above the interface. In the presence of 3.5 wt % NaCl, an enhanced inhibition was observed for methane hydrates formed from 5 wt % MEG solution with limited hydrate growth in the bulk solution and above the gas-liquid interface. In contrast, 5 wt % MeOH solution in the presence of 3.5 wt % NaCl resulted in an increased hydrate growth in bulk (compared to the system without NaCl) and on the reactor wall above the gas−liquid interface, implying a weak promotion rather than the inhibition. Further, the effect of subcooling (ΔT) on the morphology of methane hydrates in the presence of MeOH/NaCl and MEG/NaCl was examined.

show abstract

“…and ∼6 m length as the experimental apparatus. They filed patent applications on two novel polymeric KHIs, whose performances were moderate and no better than PVP. , Palermo et al at BP commissioned their KHI studies with the IFP loop at Solaize (2 in. i.d.…”

Section: Experimental Apparatus For Testing Of Khismentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Hydrate Inhibitor Studies for Gas Hydrate Systems: A Review of Experimental Equipment and Test Methods

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs) have been studied, developed, and used in the oil and gas industries for more than two decades. The main active ingredients in commercial KHI formulations are water-soluble polymers. When dosed at low concentrations (0.1−2.0 wt % active chemical), they are able to retard the gas hydrate formation process and facilitate reliable oil and gas transportation. A considerable amount of research effort on KHI technologies has contributed to an abundance of KHI knowledge, applications, and tailor-made solutions. Whereas previous reviews have concentrated on the chemistry of KHIs, this review article has a particular emphasis on the experimental equipment, hydrate detection tools, and test methods commonly applied in KHI investigations. The underlying mechanisms of KHIs are still not fully understood. The major hypotheses proposed in the literature and supporting experimental and computational evidence are also reviewed.

show abstract

Flow Loop Tests on a Novel Hydrate Inhibitor to be Deployed in the North Sea ETAP Field

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Rheological and Flow Properties of Gas Hydrate Suspensions

Rheological and Flow Properties of Gas Hydrate Suspensions

Morphology Study on the Effect of Thermodynamic Inhibitors during Methane Hydrate Formation in the Presence of NaCl

Kinetic Hydrate Inhibitor Studies for Gas Hydrate Systems: A Review of Experimental Equipment and Test Methods

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About