Flow‐mediated dilation and exercise‐induced hyperaemia in highly trained athletes: comparison of the upper and lower limb vasculature

Walther, Guillaume; Nottin, Stéphane; Karpoff, Lucie; Pérez‐Martin, A.; Dauzat, M.; Obert, Philippe

doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.2008.01834.x

Cited by 68 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Therefore, it is possible that the cutaneous circulation at different anatomical locations may reflect the functional impairments in related macrovascular beds. Previous studies have reported less responsive macrovascular beds in the legs than in the arms (10)(11)(12). Aging (12,13) and peripheral arterial disease (14) significantly reduces the reactivity of the lower limbs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The attenuated endothelium dependent vasodilatation has been found in the upper extremities of subject during acute rise in blood pressure induced by hydrostatic factor (17). Despite the significant work performed on the primary conduit vessels of the arm and leg to assess limb vascular heterogeneity (10)(11)(12)(13)17), only one single work (7) compared upper and lower limb cutaneous vascular function in humans. And, there are currently no data comparing cutaneous blood flow recorded from upper and lower limbs in EHT patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative study of the upper and lower limb skin blood flow control mechanisms in patients with essential hypertension

Esen¹,

Ata²,

Esen³

2013

Anadolu Kardiyol Derg

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Objective: To investigate limb specific differences in cutaneous vascular function in patients (n=33) with essential hypertension (EHT). Methods: In this observational cross-sectional study, baseline skin blood flow and the response to local heating were measured with a laser Doppler flowmeter (LDF) from the volar region of the forearm and the gaiter area of the foot at supine rest. The fractal analysis, detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA), was used to calculate the correlation properties of skin blood flow, LDF signal. The paired t-test and repeated measures ANOVA were used to determine the response to local heating and compare the scaling exponents of different anatomical locations respectively. Results: We found three linear scaling regions that describe the fractal behavior of LDF signal with their slopes, scaling exponents. For cardiac (α C ) and cardio-respiratory (α CR ) scaling exponents, thermal hyperemia (T) induced greater change in the leg (α C =1.49±0.26; α CT =1.62±0.20 p<0.01 and α CR =0.84±0.29 α CRT =0.42±0.28 p<0.001) than in forearm (α C =1.28±0.13; α CT =1.33±0.13 p>0.05 and α CR =0.73±0.15; α CRT =0.65±0.018 p<0.05). Local scaling exponents (α L ≈α LT~1 ) were not significantly different (p>0.05) and, local lines did not shift in parallel with local heating in both extremities. Conclusion:The results of the present study suggest that skin microvascular function is impaired in both extremities in EHT patients. However, myogenic response is not uniform in both extremities and pronounced response to local thermal hyperemia has been observed in the gaiter area compared with the volar region. Further studies are needed to determine if these limb specific microvascular differences is the result of posture-induced structural and functional adaptation. (Anadolu Kardiyol Derg 2014; 14: 3-8)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of the upper and lower limb skin blood flow control mechanisms in patients with essential hypertension

Esen¹,

Ata²,

Esen³

2013

Anadolu Kardiyol Derg

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“…63 FMD was also higher in healthy athletes at the end of a period of intensive training, when compared to baseline. 64 In a randomized clinical trial, supervised exercise training in patients with PAD increased their 6-minute walk distance by 36 meters and their treadmill walking time by 3.44 minutes, while improving their FMD by 1.57%, compared to controls. 19 The contributions of decreased arterial stiffness and improved endothelial function in the improvement in exercise performance observed in PAD patients who undergo exercise training is therefore plausible, and amenable to testing in a clinical trial.…”

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confidence: 99%

Arterial dysfunction and functional performance in patients with peripheral artery disease: A review

2011

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Functional performance influences quality of life in individuals with peripheral artery disease (PAD) and is also a powerful prognostic marker in these patients. The pathophysiology of impaired functional performance in patients with PAD is incompletely understood. The severity of atherosclerotic burden, non-invasively assessed by the ankle-brachial index (ABI), does not reliably predict the degree of functional impairment observed in PAD patients. We review associations of measures of arterial function (arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction) with functional performance in PAD patients, and also review potential therapies for arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction that could improve functional performance in PAD. Recent studies suggest that measures of arterial function, such as arterial stiffness and endothelial function, are associated with exercise performance in the setting of PAD. These studies have provided new insights into (1) the pathophysiology of functional impairment in PAD, (2) mechanisms of strategies known to be effective such as walking programs, and (3) potential new therapeutic interventions for improving functional performance. Thus, therapies aimed at arterial 'de-stiffening' and improving endothelial function (such as aerobic exercise, statins and angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitors) may improve functional performance in patients with PAD; however, further investigations are needed.

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“…However, our results show significant decrease in resistance in both the sum of the upper limbs and the sum of the lower limbs indicating a fluid shift that is related to the fluid consumed (water) by the subjects, but independent of tonicity. Whole body aerobic exercise such as treadmill walking elicits changes in blood flow directly related to muscle recruitment and the intensity of the activity [26]. The increase in muscle blood flow is mediated through local and central vasodilators.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Fluid Consumption and Exercise on Segmental Bioelectrical Impedance

Backes

Swartz

Conti

et al. 2017

IJPEFS

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Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a simple, noninvasive technique to determine body composition. The fundamental principle of determining body composition via bioelectrical impedance is to determine the resistance to, or conductance of, a low voltage current applied to biological tissue. Bioelectrical impedance analysis is well correlated to total body water. Bioelectrical impedance is sensitive to fluid shifts namely changes in blood flow, changes in electrolyte concentration, and changes in hydration status and consequently bioelectrical impedance has been used as a tool to measure such changes. Thirty college-aged students, 18-25 years old, 18 men and 12 women were subjects for this study. Bioelectrical impedance was determined with the Tanita BC-418 at two time points. Subjects were instructed to drink 490ml of water then exercised on the treadmill for 30mins. Our results show a significant decrease in resistance in both the sum of the upper limbs and the sum of the lower limbs indicating a fluid shift that is related to the fluid consumed by the subjects, but independent of tonicity.

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Flow‐mediated dilation and exercise‐induced hyperaemia in highly trained athletes: comparison of the upper and lower limb vasculature

Cited by 68 publications

References 40 publications

Comparative study of the upper and lower limb skin blood flow control mechanisms in patients with essential hypertension

Comparative study of the upper and lower limb skin blood flow control mechanisms in patients with essential hypertension

Arterial dysfunction and functional performance in patients with peripheral artery disease: A review

The Effect of Fluid Consumption and Exercise on Segmental Bioelectrical Impedance

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