Flow-mediated K<sup>+</sup>secretion in horses intoxicated with lolitrem B (perennial ryegrass staggers)

Johnstone, Laura; Mayhew, I. G.

doi:10.1080/00480169.2012.731682

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…If perennial ryegrass is infected by Acremonium lolii, the consumption of ryegrass can cause ryegrass staggers (Latch et al 1984). Ryegrass staggers are prevalent in New Zealand (Gilruth 1906;Cunningham and Hartley 1959) and the behavioural and physiological symptoms can pose an welfare threat to the animal (Johnstone and Mayhew 2013). There are a number of products marketed to alleviate the symptoms of ryegrass staggers and the sales volume of these would indicate a concern within the sporthorse industry that ryegrass staggers may have a competition/performance-limiting effect.…”

Section: Pasture-specific Welfare Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commercial equine production in New Zealand 4: welfare implications of the New Zealand production systems

et al. 2023

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From racehorses to family pets, equine production and management is primarily pasture-based in New Zealand. Pasture-based equine production systems largely reflect the horse’s ecological niche and have a unique set of management and welfare challenges. This review examines the potential welfare issues related to the management of horses in New Zealand. The economic value of horses varies greatly depending on their usage, which covers a wide spectrum from pest species (e.g. feral horses) to production (e.g. racehorses) and companion animals (e.g. leisure and sport horses). The view of where the horse is positioned on this spectrum may cause differing welfare threats to horses, due to the economic considerations, which drive the majority of welfare and managemental decisions. The organisation, management, racing and wastage metrics of the Thoroughbred racehorse industry are well documented, and the benefits of the pasture-based system have become evident through less stressful weaning practices and opportunity for early exercise (which has been associated with longer careers and fewer musculoskeletal injuries). Identification of equine-welfare research priorities in New Zealand remains challenging, given the lack of vertical integration of many sectors of the equine industry resulting in fragmented and limited availability of data.

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Section: Pasture-specific Welfare Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commercial equine production in New Zealand 4: welfare implications of the New Zealand production systems

et al. 2023

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“…This is the first report of kidney dysfunction associated with lolitem B ingestion in camels. In a most recent report (Johnstone and Mayhew, 2013), horses fed 2000ppb lolitrem B in seed and hay developed reduced flow-mediated K+ secretion and had interference with aldosterone production or secretion. These abnormalities in the kidneys' ability to handle electrolytes in horses support this study's findings that lolitrem B at high levels can adversely affect kidney structure and function.…”

Section: Postmortem Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, perennial ryegrass may be infected with the endophyte Neotyphodium lolii which produces lolitrem B, a toxic alkaloid responsible for eliciting the disease known as 'ryegrass staggers' in domesticated cattle, sheep, horses, alpacas, and deer (Johnstone et al, 2012. Johnston andMayhew, 2013;Blythe et al, 2007;Gallagher et al, 1982;Tor-Agbidye et al, 2001). 'Ryegrass staggers' is a condition in which animals consuming endophyte-infected perennial ryegrass containing lolitrem B develop stilted gait, ataxia, tremors, and hypersensitivity to external stimuli (Fisher et al, 2004;Gallagher et al, 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological effects of endophyte-infected perennial ryegrass straw on female camels in the Middle East

Alabdouli¹,

Blythe

Duringer

et al. 2014

Emir. J. Food Agric

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Recently, the United Arab Emirates has increased importation of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) straw as part of the grass/hay ration for camels. Unfortunately, perennial ryegrass straw may be infected with the endophyte Neotyphodium lolii which produces lolitrem B, a toxic alkaloid responsible for the disease 'ryegrass staggers.' A range-finding study was conducted using 24 non-pregnant female camels fed four doses (0, 1111, 1478 and 2273 ppb) of lolitrem B-containing perennial ryegrass straw over 56 days to establish a threshold of toxicity in camels so that perennial ryegrass straw can be safely fed as part of their dietary ration. Physiological parameters were evaluated. Neurological deficits were evaluated by videotape and scored according to an established scale for the neurological syndrome ryegrass staggers. Camels in the endophyte-infected groups developed varying degrees of ataxia. Brain edema, degenerative renal and hepatic lesions as well as Purkinje cell vacuolar degeneration were observed in camels receiving the highest dose. To avoid clinical disease in camels, endophyte-infected perennial ryegrass straw should be fed at 500 ppb or lower lolitrem B; straw at 1000 ppb or higher should be diluted to achieve the 500 ppb threshold of toxicity.

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Vestibular Disease

Aleman

2022

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice

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Flow-mediated K⁺secretion in horses intoxicated with lolitrem B (perennial ryegrass staggers)

Abstract: Lolitrem B intoxication in horses may cause disruption to electrolyte handling in addition to neurological deficits.

Cited by 4 publications

References 39 publications

Commercial equine production in New Zealand 4: welfare implications of the New Zealand production systems

Commercial equine production in New Zealand 4: welfare implications of the New Zealand production systems

Physiological effects of endophyte-infected perennial ryegrass straw on female camels in the Middle East

Vestibular Disease

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Flow-mediated K+secretion in horses intoxicated with lolitrem B (perennial ryegrass staggers)

Abstract: Lolitrem B intoxication in horses may cause disruption to electrolyte handling in addition to neurological deficits.

Cited by 4 publications

References 39 publications

Commercial equine production in New Zealand 4: welfare implications of the New Zealand production systems

Commercial equine production in New Zealand 4: welfare implications of the New Zealand production systems

Physiological effects of endophyte-infected perennial ryegrass straw on female camels in the Middle East

Vestibular Disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Flow-mediated K⁺secretion in horses intoxicated with lolitrem B (perennial ryegrass staggers)