Numerous industrial processes such as conveying, fl uidizing and handling involve two-phase (fl uid-solids) fl ows. Investigation of the two-phase fl ow mechanisms have importance in both industrial manufacturing processes and natural phenomenon such as dust storms, erosion, air pollution and soil deposition in rivers and ocean fl ows. One of the most signifi cant parameters for designing two-phase (fl uid-solids) fl ow conveying systems is the fl uid velocity magnitude. Inaccurate determination of the fl uid velocity can lead to high energy consumption, particle attrition, pipe erosion and in some cases pipe blockage. This work reviews numerous studies presented in the literature concerning various threshold velocities in horizontal two-phase (fl uid-solids) fl ow systems. The threshold velocities include: incipient motion, pickup from a layer of particles, pickup from hill-shape particle deposits, boundary saltation and minimum pressure velocity. Most of the studies were conducted in pneumatic and hydraulic conveying systems and large-scale wind tunnels systems. As each threshold velocity characterizes a transition between two or more fl ow regimes and mode of particle movement, all possible fl ow regimes of the particle-fl uid horizontal conveying systems are present fi rst. Then the threshold velocity models and correlations are analyzed and compared. The theoretical models are compared for the forces and torque vectors taken into account for various threshold conditions and particle package geometry. In addition, the main parameters infl uencing the pickup and saltation mechanisms and the dimensionless numbers are reviewed. Finally, four threshold velocities are used to characterize a generalized fl ow regime diagram for horizontal conveying systems. This diagram makes a signifi cant contribution to researching and designing twophase fl ow systems. For example, the diagram may assist in the transition conditions between dilute and stratifi ed fl ow regimes. However, more theoretical and empirical research is required to discover all the possible states of horizontal systems.