Flow structure in lean premixed swirling combustion

Thermal and emission characteristics of a turbulent swirling inverse diffusion flame

“…It has been observed in swirling premixed flames [17][18][19][20], swirling partially premixed flames [21] and swirling normal diffusion flames [22][23][24][25][26]. The IRZ occupies a large proportion of the main flow field, indicating that a large portion of the initial flow is recirculated.…”

“…Shorter flame length is beneficial for reducing NO x formation. Hence, swirling jet flow has been utilized in premixed flames [16][17][18][19][20], partially premixed flames [21] and NDFs [22][23][24][25][26] to improve flame stability and reduce NO x emission. The application of swirl to an IDF might have similar advantages.…”

The flow field structure of highly stabilized partially premixed flames in a concentric flow conical nozzle burner with coflow

“…Different techniques have been used to stabilize these flames at the nozzle exit. Examples of these techniques include the partially premixed flames [2][3][4][5], the swirl flame [6][7][8][9], the pilot flame for non-premixed [10,11]; premixed [12], and flame holder [13,14].…”

Large Eddy Simulation and PIV Measurements of Unsteady Premixed Flames Accelerated by Obstacles

“…Both PIV and LES have been proven to be successful techniques in steady-state problems such as those encountered in combustors and burners [21][22][23][24][25][26]. Additionally, they also appear to be promising tools for studying explosions [5,[7][8][9][10].…”